Understanding the form and function in Chinese bound foot from last-generation cases

Frontiers in Physiology

Physiology

Julie Kim¹  Vickie Shim¹  Yaodong Gu²  Liangliang Xiang²  Qichang Mei²  Justin Fernandez³ 

[1] Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China;Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China;Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China;Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China;Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;

关键词: gait biomechanics;    bone shape;    functional adaptation;    remodelling;    bound foot;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fphys.2023.1217276

 received in 2023-05-05, accepted in 2023-09-06,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Purpose: Foot adaptation in the typically developed foot is well explored. In this study, we aimed to explore the form and function of an atypical foot, the Chinese bound foot, which had a history of over a thousand years but is not practised anymore.Methods: We evaluated the foot shape and posture via a statistical shape modelling analysis, gait plantar loading distribution via gait analysis, and bone density adaptation via implementing finite element simulation and bone remodelling prediction.Results: The atypical foot with binding practice led to increased foot arch and vertically oriented calcaneus with larger size at the articulation, apart from smaller metatarsals compared with a typically developed foot. This shape change causes the tibia, which typically acts as a load transfer beam and shock absorber, to extend its function all the way through the talus to the calcaneus. This is evident in the bound foot by i) the reduced center of pressure trajectory in the medial–lateral direction, suggesting a reduced supination–pronation; ii) the increased density and stress in the talus–calcaneus articulation; and iii) the increased bone growth in the bound foot at articulation joints in the tibia, talus, and calcaneus.Conclusion: Knowledge from the last-generation bound foot cases may provide insights into the understanding of bone resorption and adaptation in response to different loading profiles.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Mei, Gu, Kim, Xiang, Shim and Fernandez.