期刊论文详细信息
Frontiers in Oncology
Diagnostic challenges and prognostic implications of extranodal extension in head and neck cancer: a state of the art review and gap analysis
Oncology
Petr Szturz1  Daniel J. Morton2  Christina E. Henson3  Pierluigi Bonomo4  Sujith Baliga5  Lachlan McDowell6  Shao Hui Huang7  Brian O’Sullivan7  Anna Lee8  James Bates9  William M. Lydiatt1,10  Paul Nankivell1,11  Hisham Mehanna1,11  Ahmad K. Abou-Foul1,11 
[1] Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland;Department of Pediatrics and Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States;Department of Radiation Oncology and Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States;Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy;Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States;Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States;Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States;Department of Surgery, Creighton University, and Nebraska Methodist Health System, Omaha, NE, United States;Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom;
关键词: extranodal extension;    head and neck cancer;    locally advanced head and neck cancer;    head and neck pathology;    head and neck squamous cell carcinoma;   
DOI  :  10.3389/fonc.2023.1263347
 received in 2023-07-19, accepted in 2023-09-04,  发布年份 2023
来源: Frontiers
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【 摘 要 】

Extranodal extension (ENE) is a pattern of cancer growth from within the lymph node (LN) outward into perinodal tissues, critically defined by disruption and penetration of the tumor through the entire thickness of the LN capsule. The presence of ENE is often associated with an aggressive cancer phenotype in various malignancies including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In HNSCC, ENE is associated with increased risk of distant metastasis and lower rates of locoregional control. ENE detected on histopathology (pathologic ENE; pENE) is now incorporated as a risk-stratification factor in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative HNSCC in the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) TNM classification. Although ENE was first described almost a century ago, several issues remain unresolved, including lack of consensus on definitions, terminology, and widely accepted assessment criteria and grading systems for both pENE and ENE detected on radiological imaging (imaging-detected ENE; iENE). Moreover, there is conflicting data on the prognostic significance of iENE and pENE, particularly in the context of HPV-associated HNSCC. Herein, we review the existing literature on ENE in HNSCC, highlighting areas of controversy and identifying critical gaps requiring concerted research efforts.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Henson, Abou-Foul, Morton, McDowell, Baliga, Bates, Lee, Bonomo, Szturz, Nankivell, Huang, Lydiatt, O’Sullivan and Mehanna

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