Seasonal patterns of oxidative stress markers in captive Asian elephants in Thailand and relationships to elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus shedding

Frontiers in Veterinary Science

Veterinary Science

Wachiraporn Toonrongchang¹  Patcharapa Towiboon²  Janine L. Brown³  Chatchote Thitaram⁴  Kidsadagon Pringproa⁵  Pallop Tankaew⁶  Veerasak Punyapornwithaya⁷  Worapong Kosaruk⁸  Narueporn Kittisirikul⁹  Panida Muanghong^1,10  Thittaya Janyamathakul^1,11 

[1] Baanchang Elephant Park, Mae Thang, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States;Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Doctoral Degree Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Elephant Hospital, National Elephant Institute, Forest Industry Organization, Lampang, Thailand;Mae Taeng Elephant Park and Clinic, Chiang Mai, Thailand;Pattara Elephant Farm, Chiang Mai, Thailand;

关键词: Asian elephants;    seasonal pattern;    oxidative stress markers;    stress markers;    elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus shedding;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fvets.2023.1263775

 received in 2023-07-20, accepted in 2023-09-06,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionOxidative stress refers to an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant activity and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which can have detrimental effects on animal health. Annual fluctuations in oxidative stress status can occur, increasing disease susceptibility during certain time periods. However, a full understanding of factors related to oxidative stress in Asian elephants and how to mitigate the negative consequences is lacking.MethodsThis study measured six serum oxidative stress markers [reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), albumin, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase] and two stress markers [serum cortisol and fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCM)] in 23 captive Asian elephants in Thailand over a 12 months period to examine relationships with age and season.ResultsSeasonal variations were observed, with several markers exhibiting significantly higher concentrations in the summer (ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, albumin) and lower values during the rainy/winter seasons (MDA, 8-OHdG, albumin, catalase). By contrast, GPx was the only marker to be highest during the rainy season. For the stress markers, higher fGCM concentrations were noted during the rainy season, which contrasts with earlier studies showing more activity in the winter (tourist season). Positive correlations were found between the temperature-humidity index and ROS, GPx, and fGCM, while a negative correlation was observed with serum albumin. Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) shedding events were associated with higher concentrations of ROS and MDA. A moderate negative correlation was observed between 8-OHdG and the PCR threshold cycle of EEHV shedding (Ct), indicating DNA damage may be involved in EEHV shedding in elephants.DiscussionResults revealed significant age and seasonal effects on several oxidative stress markers, indicating those factors should be considered in study design and data interpretation. There also may be physiological adaptations in oxidative stress conditions in relation to environmental changes that could impact health outcomes.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Kosaruk, Brown, Towiboon, Pringproa, Punyapornwithaya, Tankaew, Kittisirikul, Toonrongchang, Janyamathakul, Muanghong and Thitaram.