Quality of dietary macronutrients is associated with glycemic outcomes in adults with cystic fibrosis

Frontiers in Nutrition

Nutrition

Kirk A. Easley¹  Moriah P. Bellissimo²  Elizabeth A. Ivie³  Thomas R. Ziegler³  Benjamin A. Cousineau³  Jessica A. Alvarez³  Priyathama Vellanki³  William R. Hunt³  Paula-Dene C. Nesbeth⁴  Tanicia C. Daley⁵  Miriam B. Vos⁵  Arlene A. Stecenko⁵ 

[1]Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States

[2]Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States

[3]Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States

[4]Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States

[5]Nutrition and Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States

[6]Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States

关键词: cystic fibrosis;    diabetes;    diet quality;    insulin secretion;    insulin resistance;    glucose tolerance;    nutrition;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2023.1158452

 received in 2023-02-03, accepted in 2023-08-18,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

ObjectivePoor diet quality contributes to metabolic dysfunction. This study aimed to gain a greater understanding of the relationship between dietary macronutrient quality and glucose homeostasis in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF).DesignThis was a cross-sectional study of N = 27 adults with CF with glucose tolerance ranging from normal (n = 9) to prediabetes (n = 6) to being classified as having cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD, n = 12). Fasted blood was collected for analysis of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide. Insulin resistance was assessed by Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR). Subjects without known CFRD also underwent a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. Three-day food records were used to assess macronutrient sources. Dietary variables were adjusted for energy intake. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Spearman correlations, and multiple linear regression.ResultsIndividuals with CFRD consumed less total fat and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) compared to those with normal glucose tolerance (p < 0.05). In Spearman correlation analyses, dietary glycemic load was inversely associated with C-peptide (rho = −0.28, p = 0.05). Total dietary fat, MUFA, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were positively associated with C-peptide (rho = 0.39–0.41, all p < 0.05). Plant protein intake was inversely related to HOMA2-IR (rho = −0.28, p = 0.048). Associations remained significant after adjustment for age and sex.DiscussionImprovements in diet quality are needed in people with CF. This study suggests that higher unsaturated dietary fat, higher plant protein, and higher carbohydrate quality were associated with better glucose tolerance indicators in adults with CF. Larger, prospective studies in individuals with CF are needed to determine the impact of diet quality on the development of CFRD.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Daley, Cousineau, Nesbeth, Ivie, Bellissimo, Easley, Vellanki, Vos, Hunt, Stecenko, Ziegler and Alvarez.