Prevalence and risk factors of disabilities among Egyptian preschool children: a community-based population study

BMC Psychiatry

Research

Mona A. Elabd¹  Mohamed M. El-Sonbaty¹  Ebtissam M. Salah El-Din¹  Marwa W. Abouelnaga¹  Amira S. ElRifay¹  Maysa S. Nassar¹  Fatma A. Shaaban²  Mostafa M. El-Saied²  Ehab R. Abdel Raouf²  Engy A. Ashaat³  Nada H. Elshamy⁴  Ammal M. Metwally⁴  Mohamed Abdelrahman⁴  Somia I. Salama⁴  Aida M. Abdelmohsen⁴  Maie M. Naga⁴  Ahmed Aboulghate⁴  Ghada A. Elshaarawy⁴  Sherif E. Eldeeb⁴  Zeinab Khadr⁵  Hala Y. Badawy⁶  Eman M. Dewdar⁶  Ali M. Abdallah⁷ 

[1] Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt;Child With Special Needs Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt;Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt;Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt;Department of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt;The Social Research Center, American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt;Prevention of Disability General Directorate, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt;Quantitative Methods Department, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt;

关键词: Disability;    Preschool children;    Vision;    Hearing;    Speech;    Communication;    Mobility;    Intellectual impairment;    Seizures;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12888-023-05171-3

 received in 2023-01-24, accepted in 2023-09-08,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundChild disability has significant implications on their well-being and healthcare systems. Aim: This survey aimed to assess the magnitude of seven types of disability among Egyptian children aged 1 < 6 years and their socio-demographic, epidemiological, and perinatal predictors.MethodsA national population-based cross-sectional household survey targeting 21,316 children from eight governorates was conducted. The screening questionnaire was derived from the WHO ten-question survey tool validated for identifying seven disability categories.ResultsThe percentage of children with at least one disability was 8.1% as follows: speech/communication (4.4%), Mobility/physical (2.5%), Seizures (2.2%), Comprehension (1.7%), Intellectual impairment (1.4%), Visual (0.3%) and Hearing (0.2%). Age was not found to affect the odds of disability except for visual disability (significantly increased with age (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI:1.1–1.7). Male sex also increased the odds of all disabilities except visual, hearing, and seizures. Convulsions after birth significantly increased the odds of disability as follows: hearing (AOR = 8.1, 95% CI: 2.2–30.5), intellectual impairment (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.5–6.9), and mobility/physical (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.3–5.0). Preterm delivery and being kept in an incubator for more than two days after birth increased the odds for visual disability (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.1–12.1 & AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.7–7.9 respectively). Cyanosis increased the odds of seizures (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.2–10.3). Low birth weight also increased the odds for all disability domains except for visual and hearing. Maternal health problems during pregnancy increased the odds for all types of disability except hearing and seizures. Higher paternal education decreased the odds for all disabilities by at least 30% except for vision and hearing.ConclusionThe study found a high prevalence of disability among Egyptian children aged 1–6 years. It identified a number of modifiable risk factors for disability. The practice of early screening for disability is encouraged to provide early interventions when needed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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