Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbiology

Maduja V. M. Divarathna¹  Rukshan A. M. Rafeek¹  Faseeha Noordeen¹  Chathuri Aththanayake²  Adrian J. Morel³ 

[1] Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Diagnostic and Research Virology Laboratory, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka;Faculty of Management, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka;General Hospital-Kegalle, Kegalle, Sri Lanka;

关键词: respiratory syncytial virus;    acute respiratory tract infections;    epidemiology;    risk factors;    children;    Sri Lanka;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2023.1173842

 received in 2023-02-25, accepted in 2023-06-09,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.AimThis study aimed to describe the prevalence and seasonal patterns of RSV and to determine the actual and predictive association of RSV-associated ARTI and clinical, socio-demographic, and climatic risk factors in children < 5 years.MethodsNasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 500 children < 5 years admitted to the Kegalle General Hospital, Sri Lanka between May 2016 to July 2018. RSV and RSV subtypes were detected using immunofluorescence assay and real time RT-PCR, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done for the data analysis using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple binary logistic regression in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 16.0.ResultsPrevalence of RSV-associated ARTI was 28% in children < 5 years. Both RSV subtypes were detected throughout the study period. RSV-B was the dominant subtype detected with a prevalence of 72.14%. RSV infection in general caused severe respiratory disease leading to hypoxemia. Compared to RSV-B, RSV-A infection had more symptoms leading to hypoxemia. Factors increasing the risk of contracting RSV infection included number of people living (n > 6), having pets at home and inhaling toxic fumes. The inferential analysis predicts RSV infection in children < 5 years with ARTI, with a 75.4% probability with clinical and socio-demographic characteristics like age < 1 year, fever for > 4 days, cough, conjunctivitis, stuffiness, fatigue, six or more people at home, having pets at home and inhaling toxic fumes. Climatic factors like increases in temperature (°C), wind speed (Km/h), wind gust (Km/h), rainfall (mm) and atmospheric pressure (mb) showed a strong correlation with the RSV infection in children.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Divarathna, Rafeek, Morel, Aththanayake and Noordeen.