Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Amit Umesh Paschapur¹  N. Srinivasa²  Varun Saini³  Pushpa Singh⁴  Deepak Kumar Mahanta⁴  U. Mukherjee⁴  Mohammad Abbas Ahmad⁴  H. R. Desai⁵  J. Komal⁶  P. P. Singh⁷  Prasanta Kumar Majhi⁸  P. V. Dinesh Kumar⁹  R. M. Nikhil^1,10  Tanmaya Kumar Bhoi^1,11  Ipsita Samal^1,12  Yogesh Yele^1,13  Gaurav Singh^1,14 

[1] Crop Protection Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, India;Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India;Department of Entomology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India;Department of Entomology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India;Department of Entomology, Main Cotton Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Gujarat, India;Department of Entomology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India;Department of Entomology, Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India;Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India;Department of Plant Pathology University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India;Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India;Forest Protection Division, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) - Arid Forest Research Institute (ICFRE-AFRI), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India;ICAR-National Research Centre on Litchi, Mushahari, Ramna, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India;School of Crop Health Management Research, Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management (ICAR)- National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India;The Directorate of Research, Maharana Pratap Horticultural University, Karnal, Haryana, India;

关键词: insect;    insect-pathogen crosstalk;    immune system;    signaling pathway;    effector mechanism;    antimicrobial peptide;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169152

 received in 2023-02-18, accepted in 2023-08-07,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Multicellular organisms are constantly subjected to pathogens that might be harmful. Although insects lack an adaptive immune system, they possess highly effective anti-infective mechanisms. Bacterial phagocytosis and parasite encapsulation are some forms of cellular responses. Insects often defend themselves against infections through a humoral response. This phenomenon includes the secretion of antimicrobial peptides into the hemolymph. Specific receptors for detecting infection are required for the recognition of foreign pathogens such as the proteins that recognize glucans and peptidoglycans, together referred to as PGRPs and βGRPs. Activation of these receptors leads to the stimulation of signaling pathways which further activates the genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides. Some instances of such pathways are the JAK-STAT, Imd, and Toll. The host immune response that frequently accompanies infections has, however, been circumvented by diseases, which may have assisted insects evolve their own complicated immune systems. The role of ncRNAs in insect immunology has been discussed in several notable studies and reviews. This paper examines the most recent research on the immune regulatory function of ncRNAs during insect-pathogen crosstalk, including insect- and pathogen-encoded miRNAs and lncRNAs, and provides an overview of the important insect signaling pathways and effector mechanisms activated by diverse pathogen invaders.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Mahanta, Bhoi, Komal, Samal, Nikhil, Paschapur, Singh, Kumar, Desai, Ahmad, Singh, Majhi, Mukherjee, Singh, Saini, Shahanaz, Srinivasa and Yele