Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy

Neuroanatomy

Genova Carrero Rojas¹  Roland Blumer¹  Udo Maierhofer²  Gregor Laengle²  Florian J. Jaklin²  Olga Politikou²  Dominik C. Dotzauer²  Laura A. Hruby³  Matthias Luft⁴  Konstantin D. Bergmeister⁴  Oskar C. Aszmann⁵  Christopher Festin⁶  Vlad Tereshenko⁶  Dario Farina⁷  Andreas Gohritz⁸ 

[1] Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria;Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland;

关键词: facial nerve;    hypoglossal nerve;    masseteric nerve;    facial muscles;    sensory feedback;    sympathetic axons;    motor control;    proprioception;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnana.2023.1198042

 received in 2023-03-31, accepted in 2023-05-12,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Basic behaviors, such as swallowing, speech, and emotional expressions are the result of a highly coordinated interplay between multiple muscles of the head. Control mechanisms of such highly tuned movements remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the neural components responsible for motor control of the facial, masticatory, and tongue muscles in humans using specific molecular markers (ChAT, MBP, NF, TH). Our findings showed that a higher number of motor axonal population is responsible for facial expressions and tongue movements, compared to muscles in the upper extremity. Sensory axons appear to be responsible for neural feedback from cutaneous mechanoreceptors to control the movement of facial muscles and the tongue. The newly discovered sympathetic axonal population in the facial nerve is hypothesized to be responsible for involuntary control of the muscle tone. These findings shed light on the pivotal role of high efferent input and rich somatosensory feedback in neuromuscular control of finely adjusted cranial systems.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Tereshenko, Maierhofer, Dotzauer, Laengle, Politikou, Carrero Rojas, Festin, Luft, Jaklin, Hruby, Gohritz, Farina, Blumer, Bergmeister and Aszmann.