Vigorous-intensity exercise as a modulator of cardiac adipose tissue in women with obesity: a cross-sectional and randomized pilot study

Frontiers in Endocrinology

Endocrinology

Bryan Smith¹  Sumsen Thapa¹  Paige N. Davis²  Maria Fernandez-del-Valle³  Amy H. Givan⁴  Bharath S. Selvaraj⁵  Jose A. Perez-Rivera⁶  Jon D. Klingensmith⁷  Pamela K. Woodard⁸ 

[1] Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States;Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States;Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Charleston Area Medical Center (CAMC) Memorial Hospital at West Virginia, Charleston, WV, United States;Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States;Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain;Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain;Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States;Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States;Department of Applied Health, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States;Iowa Digestive Disease Center, Heartland Medical Research, Inc., Clive, IA, United States;Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Burgos, Burgos, Spain;Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Isabel I, Isabel, Spain;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States;Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States;

关键词: cardiac adipose tissue;    obesity;    physical fitness;    vigorous physical activity;    women;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fendo.2023.1104441

 received in 2022-11-21, accepted in 2023-03-28,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Cardiac adipose tissue (CAT) has become an important target for the reduction of disease risk. Supervised exercise programs have shown potential to "significantly" reduce CAT; however, the impact of different exercise modalities is not clear, and the relationships between CAT, physical activity (PA) levels and fitness (PFit) remain unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between CAT, PA and PFit, and to explore the effects of different exercise modalities in a group of women with obesity. A total of 26 women (age: 23.41 ± 5.78 years-old) were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. PA, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, body composition and CAT were evaluated. The pilot intervention included 16 women randomized to a control (CON, n=5), high intensity interval training (HIIT, n = 5) and high-intensity circuit training (HICT, n=6) groups. Statistical analysis showed negative correlations between CAT and vigorous PA (VPA) (rs=-0.41, p=0.037); and between percent body fat (%BF), fat mass (FM), and all PA levels (rs=-0.41– -0.68, p<0.05); while muscle mass was positively associated with moderate-to-vigorous PA, and upper-body lean mass with all PA levels (rs =0.40–0.53, p<0.05). The HICT intervention showed significant improvements (p<0.05) in %BF, FM, fat free mass, and whole-body and lower extremities lean mass and strength after three weeks; however, only leg strength and upper extremities’ FM improved significantly compared to CON and HICT. In conclusion, although all types of PA showed a positive influence on body fat content, only VPA significantly impacted on CAT volume. Moreover, three weeks of HICT induced positive changes in PFit in women with obesity. Further research is needed to explore VPA levels and high-intensity exercise interventions for short- and long-term CAT management.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Thapa, Selvaraj, Davis, Smith, Givan, Perez-Rivera, Woodard, Klingensmith and Fernandez-del-Valle