Hybridization altered the gut microbiota of pigs

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbiology

Limin Wei¹  Jiangchao Zhao²  Bo Zeng³  Ying Li⁴  Feng Li⁵  Siyuan Zhang⁶  Wei Guo⁶ 

[1] Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China;College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China;Division of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States;Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China;Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China;School of Laboratory Medicine/Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-Origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China;

关键词: gut microbiota;    hybridization;    pig;    16S rRNA;    metagenome;    metabolome;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2023.1177947

 received in 2023-03-02, accepted in 2023-06-14,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Mammalian gut microbiota plays an important role in the host’s nutrient metabolism, growth, and immune regulation. Hybridization can enable a progeny to acquire superior traits of the parents, resulting in the hybridization advantage. However, studies on the effects of hybridization on the pigs’ gut microbiota are lacking. Therefore, this study used multi-omics technologies to compare and analyze the gut microbiota of the primary wild boar and its offspring. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results revealed that the gut microbiota of F4 exhibited a host-like dominance phenomenon with a significant increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The beta diversity of Duroc was significantly different from those of F0, F2, and F4; after the host hybridization, the similarity of the beta diversity in the progeny decreased with the decrease in the similarity of the F0 lineage. The metagenomic sequencing results showed that the significantly enriched metabolic pathways in F4, such as environmental, circulatory system, fatty acid degradation adaptation, and fatty acid biosynthesis, were similar to those in F0. Moreover, it also exhibited similar significantly enriched metabolic pathways as those in Duroc, such as carbohydrate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, starch-degrading CAZymes, lactose-degrading CAZymes, and various amino acid metabolism pathways. However, the alpha-amylase-related KOs, lipid metabolism, and galactose metabolism in F4 were significantly higher than those in Duroc and F0. Non-targeted metabolome technology analysis found that several metabolites, such as docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, and citric acid were significantly enriched in the F4 pigs as compared to those in F0. Based on Spearman correlation analysis, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were significantly positively correlated with these metabolites. Finally, the combined metagenomic and metabolomic analysis suggested that the metabolic pathways, such as valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis and alanine aspartate and glutamate metabolism were significantly enriched in F4 pigs. In conclusion, the gut microbiota of F4 showed a similar host “dominance” phenomenon, which provided reference data for the genetics and evolution of microbiota and the theory of microbial-assisted breeding.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Wei, Zeng, Zhang, Guo, Li, Zhao and Li.