Surface ozone pollution in China: Trends, exposure risks, and drivers

Frontiers in Public Health

Public Health

Chao He¹  Bin Li¹  Jianhua Liu¹  Xi Gong²  Qian Wu³  Lu Zhang⁴ 

[1] College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China;School of Low Carbon Economics, Hubei University of Economics, Wuhan, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Emissions Trading System Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Wuhan, China;School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;

关键词: surface ozone;    spatial-temporal pattern;    exposure risks;    health risks;    dominant drivers;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2023.1131753

 received in 2022-12-26, accepted in 2023-03-03,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionWithin the context of the yearly improvement of particulate matter (PM) pollution in Chinese cities, Surface ozone (O3) concentrations are increasing instead of decreasing and are becoming the second most important air pollutant after PM. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of O3 can have adverse effects on human health. In-depth investigation of the spatiotemporal patterns, exposure risks, and drivers of O3 is relevant for assessing the future health burden of O3 pollution and implementing air pollution control policies in China.MethodsBased on high-resolution O3 concentration reanalysis data, we investigated the spatial and temporal patterns, population exposure risks, and dominant drivers of O3 pollution in China from 2013 to 2018 utilizing trend analysis methods, spatial clustering models, exposure-response functions, and multi-scale geographically weighted regression models (MGWR).ResultsThe results show that the annual average O3 concentration in China increased significantly at a rate of 1.84 μg/m3/year from 2013 to 2018 (160 μg/m3) in China increased from 1.2% in 2013 to 28.9% in 2018, and over 20,000 people suffered premature death from respiratory diseases attributed to O3 exposure each year. Thus, the sustained increase in O3 concentrations in China is an important factor contributing to the increasing threat to human health. Furthermore, the results of spatial regression models indicate that population, the share of secondary industry in GDP, NOx emissions, temperature, average wind speed, and relative humidity are important determinants of O3 concentration variation and significant spatial differences are observed.DiscussionThe spatial differences of drivers result in the spatial heterogeneity of O3 concentration and exposure risks in China. Therefore, the O3 control policies adapted to various regions should be formulated in the future O3 regulation process in China.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 He, Wu, Li, Liu, Gong and Zhang.