Nutrient recovery technologies for management of blackwater: A review

Frontiers in Environmental Science

Environmental Science

Shikun Cheng¹  Xuemei Wang¹  Jinxin Chen¹  Zifu Li¹  Lei Zheng¹  Heinz-Peter Mang²  Hidenori Harada³  Inayatullah Jan⁴ 

[1] Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China;German Society for Sustainable Biogas and Bioenergy Utilization (GERBIO), Kirchberg, Germany;Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan;Institute of Development Studies (IDS), The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;

关键词: blackwater;    toilet;    feces;    urine;    source separation;    nutrient recovery;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fenvs.2022.1080536

 received in 2022-10-26, accepted in 2022-12-19,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Nutrient recovery and recycling are of great importance in sustainable development. Blackwater (BW) refers to wastewater from toilets, which contains feces, urine, water, and toilet paper from flush toilets. The highly concentrated nutrients of blackwater could be collected through source separation and treated adequately to recover nutrients efficiently and economically. The review intends to give an overview of the characteristics of BW and different techniques to recover nutrients and other valuable products. A number of these technologies are currently under development or being tested at laboratory or pilot scale. The perspective for blackwater nutrient recovery technologies is very positive due to their great potential. For application of source-oriented sanitation infrastructure and systems, there is still a long way to go for development of commercial technologies and valuable products.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Wang, Chen, Li, Cheng, Mang, Zheng, Jan and Harada.