High fish intake rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces cardiovascular disease incidence in healthy adults: The ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022)

Frontiers in Physiology

Physiology

Evangelia Damigou¹  Thomas Tsiampalis¹  Fotios Barkas¹  Elena Critselis²  Demosthenes Panagiotakos³  Ekavi Georgousopoulou⁴  Christina Chrysohoou⁵  Christos Pitsavos⁵  Costas Tsioufis⁵  John Skoumas⁵  Evangelos Liberopoulos⁶  Petros P. Sfikakis⁶ 

[1]Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece

[2]Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece

[3]Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus

[4]Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece

[5]Discipline of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[6]Discipline of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[7]First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

[8]First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

关键词: mediterranean diet;    nutrition;    fish;    fish oils;    omega-3 fatty acids;    cardiovascular disease;    incidence;    mortality;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fphys.2023.1158140

 received in 2023-02-03, accepted in 2023-03-07,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Background: The long-term effects of high fish intake rich in n-3 fatty acids for deterring cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related adverse outcomes in healthy individuals have not been yet elucidated.Purpose: To evaluate the association between total seafood, as well as small fish, intake on 10- and 20-year CVD incidence and mortality in healthy adults.Methods: A prospective cohort study (n = 2,020) was conducted in healthy community dwelling adults in Athens, Greece, selected following age- and sex-based random multistage sampling (mean ± SD age at baseline: 45.2 ± 14.0 years). Seafood (high (>2 servings/week) vs. low (≤2 servings/week) intake), including small fish rich in n-3 fatty acids (high (>1 serving/week) vs. low (≤1 serving/week) intake), consumption was evaluated by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline. The occurrence of non-fatal and/or fatal CVD events (ICD-10) was assessed during 10- and 20-year follow-up periods.Results: Only 32.7% and 9.6% of participants had high seafood and small fish intakes, respectively. Participants with high seafood intake had 27% decreased 10-year CVD risk (adj. HR:0.73; 95% CI:0.55-0.98) and 74% lower attributable mortality (adj. HR:0.26; 95% CI:0.11-0.58). Participants with high seafood intake also sustained a 24% lower 20-year risk of CVD mortality (adj. HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.55-0.98). Moreover, participants with high small fish intake had a lower 10-year CVD risk and 76% decreased risk of 10-year CVD mortality (adj. HR:0.24; 95% CI:0.06-0.99), even among normotensive individuals (adj. HR:0.31; 95% CI:0.13-0.73). When analogous analyses focused on 20-year CVD incidence and mortality, similar but not significant associations were observed (all p-values >0.10).Conclusion: High intake of seafood, and particularly small fish rich in n-3 fatty acids, was associated with a lower risk of 10-year fatal and non-fatal CVD. Thus, public health interventions aimed at enhancing small fish consumption may most effectively deter long-term CVD outcomes, particularly among low risk normotensive individuals.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Critselis, Tsiampalis, Damigou, Georgousopoulou, Barkas, Chrysohoou, Skoumas, Pitsavos, Liberopoulos, Tsioufis, Sfikakis and Panagiotakos.