Live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis activated nutritional immunity in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

José Luis Muñoz¹  Ana María Quilapi²  Carolina Vargas-Lagos²  Luis Vargas-Chacoff³  Ricardo Oyarzún-Salazar⁴  Marcos Godoy⁵  Danixa Martínez⁶  Ricardo Enriquez⁷  Natacha Santibañez⁷  José Coronado⁷  Cristian Oliver⁷  Alex Romero⁸ 

[1] Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo i~mar, Universidad de los Lagos, Puerto Montt, Chile;Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de la Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Osorno, Chile;Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems, Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), University Austral of Chile, Valdivia, Chile;Laboratorio Institucional de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile;Laboratorio Institucional de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile;Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (CIBA), Puerto Montt, Chile;Laboratorio Institucional de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile;Laboratorio de Inmunología y Estrés de Organismos Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;Laboratorio de Inmunología y Estrés de Organismos Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;Laboratorio de Inmunología y Estrés de Organismos Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;Centro Fondap Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile;

关键词: nutritional immunity;    Piscirickettsia salmonis;    Salmo salar;    iron;    zinc;    manganese;    Atlantic salmon;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187209

 received in 2023-03-15, accepted in 2023-04-18,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Nutritional immunity regulates the homeostasis of micronutrients such as iron, manganese, and zinc at the systemic and cellular levels, preventing the invading microorganisms from gaining access and thereby limiting their growth. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the activation of nutritional immunity in specimens of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that are intraperitoneally stimulated with both live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis. The study used liver tissue and blood/plasma samples on days 3, 7, and 14 post-injections (dpi) for the analysis. Genetic material (DNA) of P. salmonis was detected in the liver tissue of fish stimulated with both live and inactivated P. salmonis at 14 dpi. Additionally, the hematocrit percentage decreased at 3 and 7 dpi in fish stimulated with live P. salmonis, unchanged in fish challenged with inactivated P. salmonis. On the other hand, plasma iron content decreased during the experimental course in fish stimulated with both live and inactivated P. salmonis, although this decrease was statistically significant only at 3 dpi. Regarding the immune-nutritional markers such as tfr1, dmt1, and ireg1 were modulated in the two experimental conditions, compared to zip8, ft-h, and hamp, which were down-regulated in fish stimulated with live and inactivated P. salmonis during the course experimental. Finally, the intracellular iron content in the liver increased at 7 and 14 dpi in fish stimulated with live and inactivated P. salmonis, while the zinc content decreased at 14 dpi under both experimental conditions. However, stimulation with live and inactivated P. salmonis did not alter the manganese content in the fish. The results suggest that nutritional immunity does not distinguish between live and inactivated P. salmonis and elicits a similar immune response. Probably, this immune mechanism would be self-activated with the detection of PAMPs, instead of a sequestration and/or competition of micronutrients by the living microorganism.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Martínez, Oyarzún-Salazar, Quilapi, Coronado, Enriquez, Vargas-Lagos, Oliver, Santibañez, Godoy, Muñoz, Vargas-Chacoff and Romero