Rhizospheric bacteria: the key to sustainable heavy metal detoxification strategies

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbiology

Sumira Malik¹  Geeta Bhandari²  Anju Rani³  Petr Slama⁴  Saurabh Gangola⁵  Samiksha Joshi⁵  Narendra Singh Bhandari⁵  Deepa Nainwal⁵ 

[1] Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, India;Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India;Department of Applied Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India;Department of Biosciences, Himalayan School of Bio Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India;Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India;Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia;School of Agriculture, Graphic Era Hill University, Bhimtal, India;

关键词: toxicity;    heavy metals;    detoxification;    rhizospheric;    bioremediation;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2023.1229828

 received in 2023-05-27, accepted in 2023-07-10,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

The increasing rate of industrialization, anthropogenic, and geological activities have expedited the release of heavy metals (HMs) at higher concentration in environment. HM contamination resulting due to its persistent nature, injudicious use poses a potential threat by causing metal toxicities in humans and animals as well as severe damage to aquatic organisms. Bioremediation is an emerging and reliable solution for mitigation of these contaminants using rhizospheric microorganisms in an environmentally safe manner. The strategies are based on exploiting microbial metabolism and various approaches developed by plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) to minimize the toxicity concentration of HM at optimum levels for the environmental clean-up. Rhizospheric bacteria are employed for significant growth of plants in soil contaminated with HM. Exploitation of bacteria possessing plant-beneficial traits as well as metal detoxifying property is an economical and promising approach for bioremediation of HM. Microbial cells exhibit different mechanisms of HM resistance such as active transport, extra cellular barrier, extracellular and intracellular sequestration, and reduction of HM. Tolerance of HM in microorganisms may be chromosomal or plasmid originated. Proteins such as MerT and MerA of mer operon and czcCBA, ArsR, ArsA, ArsD, ArsB, and ArsC genes are responsible for metal detoxification in bacterial cell. This review gives insights about the potential of rhizospheric bacteria in HM removal from various polluted areas. In addition, it also gives deep insights about different mechanism of action expressed by microorganisms for HM detoxification. The dual-purpose use of biological agent as plant growth enhancement and remediation of HM contaminated site is the most significant future prospect of this article.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Joshi, Gangola, Bhandari, Bhandari, Nainwal, Rani, Malik and Slama.