Overview of the SARS-CoV-2 genotypes circulating in Latin America during 2021

Frontiers in Public Health

Public Health

Rebeca Campos-Sánchez¹  Jose Arturo Molina-Mora²  María Cecilia Monzani³  Mauricio G. Carobene³  Federico Remes Lenicov³  Angel Gustavo Salas-Lais⁴  José Esteban Muñoz-Medina⁴  Renato Oliveira⁵  Gisele Nunes⁵  Tatianne Negri⁵  Guilherme Oliveira⁵  Amanda Vidal⁵  Darío A. Fernández Do Porto⁶  Gustavo Schottlender⁶  Ezequiel Sosa⁷  Adrián Turjanski⁷  Pablo Tsukayama⁸  Jhonnatan Reales-González⁹  Jorge Santana de Souza^1,10  Caio Santos Silva^1,11  Andrea Ribeiro dos Santos^1,11  Cláudio Guedes Salgado^1,11  Jan Frederik Kreuze^1,12  Erwin Camacho^1,13  Guadalupe Mireles-Rivera^1,14  Alfredo Herrera-Estrella^1,14  Hebleen Brenes^1,15  Estela Cordero-Laurent^1,15  Claudio Soto-Garita^1,15  Francisco Duarte-Martínez^1,15  Marcela Guevara-Suarez^1,16  Marco Cristancho^1,16  Luisa Sacristán^1,16 

[1]Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

[2]Centro de investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales and Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

[3]Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

[4]Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

[5]Coordinación de Calidad de Insumos y Laboratorios Especializados, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

[6]Environmental Genomics, Vale Institute of Technology, Belém, Pará, Brazil

[7]Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

[8]Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

[9]Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

[10]Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

[11]Grupo de Genómica de Microorganismos Emergentes, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia

[12]Instituto Metrópole Digital, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil

[13]Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil

[14]International Potato Center, Lima, Peru

[15]Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia

[16]Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad-Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Irapuato, Mexico

[17]Laboratorio de Genómica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud, Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica

[18]Vicerrectoria de Investigación y Creación, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia

关键词: COVID-19;    Latin America;    SARS-CoV-2;    genomic surveillance;    CABANA;    coronavirus;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2023.1095202

 received in 2022-11-11, accepted in 2023-02-06,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Latin America is one of the regions in which the COVID-19 pandemic has a stronger impact, with more than 72 million reported infections and 1.6 million deaths until June 2022. Since this region is ecologically diverse and is affected by enormous social inequalities, efforts to identify genomic patterns of the circulating SARS-CoV-2 genotypes are necessary for the suitable management of the pandemic. To contribute to the genomic surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 in Latin America, we extended the number of SARS-CoV-2 genomes available from the region by sequencing and analyzing the viral genome from COVID-19 patients from seven countries (Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Colombia, Mexico, Bolivia, and Peru). Subsequently, we analyzed the genomes circulating mainly during 2021 including records from GISAID database from Latin America. A total of 1,534 genome sequences were generated from seven countries, demonstrating the laboratory and bioinformatics capabilities for genomic surveillance of pathogens that have been developed locally. For Latin America, patterns regarding several variants associated with multiple re-introductions, a relatively low percentage of sequenced samples, as well as an increment in the mutation frequency since the beginning of the pandemic, are in line with worldwide data. Besides, some variants of concern (VOC) and variants of interest (VOI) such as Gamma, Mu and Lambda, and at least 83 other lineages have predominated locally with a country-specific enrichments. This work has contributed to the understanding of the dynamics of the pandemic in Latin America as part of the local and international efforts to achieve timely genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Molina-Mora, Reales-González, Camacho, Duarte-Martínez, Tsukayama, Soto-Garita, Brenes, Cordero-Laurent, Ribeiro dos Santos, Guedes Salgado, Santos Silva, Santana de Souza, Nunes, Negri, Vidal, Oliveira, Oliveira, Muñoz-Medina, Salas-Lais, Mireles-Rivera, Sosa, Turjanski, Monzani, Carobene, Remes Lenicov, Schottlender, Fernández Do Porto, Kreuze, Sacristán, Guevara-Suarez, Cristancho, Campos-Sánchez and Herrera-Estrella.