Hypolipidemic effect and molecular mechanism of ginsenosides: a review based on oxidative stress

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Pharmacology

Yang Song¹  Weiwei Hou¹  Wei Jin¹  Quanyu Du²  Shiyi Song³  Chunrun Li³  Shihui Yang³ 

[1] Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China;Endocrinology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China;School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China;

关键词: natural medicine;    ginsenosides;    oxidative stress;    lipid metabolism;    hyperlipidemia;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fphar.2023.1166898

 received in 2023-02-15, accepted in 2023-04-17,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Hyperlipidemia is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular and endocrine diseases. However, effective approaches for treating this common metabolic disorder remain limited. Ginseng has traditionally been used as a natural medicine for invigorating energy or “Qi” and has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. A large number of studies have shown that ginsenosides, the main active ingredient of ginseng, have lipid-lowering effects. However, there remains a lack of systematic reviews detailing the molecular mechanisms by which ginsenosides reduce blood lipid levels, especially in relation to oxidative stress. For this article, research studies detailing the molecular mechanisms through which ginsenosides regulate oxidative stress and lower blood lipids in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and its related diseases (diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis) were comprehensively reviewed. The relevant papers were search on seven literature databases. According to the studies reviewed, ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Re, Rg1, Rg3, Rh2, Rh4, and F2 inhibit oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and autophagy, and regulating the intestinal flora to alleviate high blood pressure and improve the body’s lipid status. These effects are related to the regulation of various signaling pathways, such as those of PPARα, Nrf2, mitogen-activated protein kinases, SIRT3/FOXO3/SOD, and AMPK/SIRT1. These findings suggest that ginseng is a natural medicine with lipid-lowering effects.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Jin, Li, Yang, Song, Hou, Song and Du.

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