Relationship between depression, anxiety, stress, and SARS-CoV-2 infection: a longitudinal study

Frontiers in Psychology

Psychology

Horand Meier¹  Roland Keim²  Roger Pycha²  Gernot Pfitscher²  Philipp Silbernagl²  Francesca Giacomoni²  Michael Mian³  Adolf Engl⁴  Angelika Mahlknecht⁴  Giuliano Piccoliori⁴  Dietmar Ausserhofer⁵  Christian J. Wiedermann⁶  Timon Gärtner⁷  Stefano Lombardo⁷ 

[1] Clinical Governance Unit, Administration of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano-Bozen, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy;Hospital of Bressanone-Brixen (SABES-ASDAA), Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Private University (PMU), Bressanone-Brixen, Italy;Innovation, Research and Teaching Service (SABES-ASDAA), Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Private University (PMU), Bolzano-Bozen, Italy;Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care-Professions Claudiana, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy;Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care-Professions Claudiana, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy;Claudiana Research, College of Health Care-Professions Claudiana, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy;Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care-Professions Claudiana, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy;Department of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria;Statistical Institute of the Province of Bolzano (ASTAT), Bolzano-Bozen, Italy;

关键词: COVID-19;    SARS-CoV-2;    emotional burden;    depression;    stress;    anxiety;    longitudinal study;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1116566

 received in 2022-12-05, accepted in 2023-04-06,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

ObjectivesWe aimed to (1) describe the course of the emotional burden (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) in a general population sample during the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 and 2021 and (2) explore the association between emotional burden and a serologically proven infection with SARS-CoV-2.Study designThis longitudinal study involved a sample of community-dwelling persons aged ≥14 years from the general population of South Tyrol (Province of Bolzano-Bozen, Northern Italy). Data were collected at two stages over a 1-year period in 2020 and 2021.MethodsPersons were invited to participate in a survey on socio-demographic, health-related and psychosocial variables (e.g., age, chronic diseases, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS-21), as well as in the serological testing for of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulins.ResultsIn 2020, 855 (23.8%) out of 3,600 persons participated; in 2021, 305 (35.7%) out of 855 were tested again. We observed a statistically significant decrease in mean DASS-21 scores for depression, stress, and total scores between 2020 and 2021, yet not for anxiety. Persons with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infection between the first and second data collection exhibited increased emotional burden compared to those without SARS-CoV-2-infection. The odds of participants with a self-reported diagnosis of mental disorder for future infection with SARS-CoV-2 was almost four times higher than that of participants without mental disorders (OR:3.75; 95%CI:1.79-7.83).ConclusionOur findings support to the hypothesis of a psycho-neuroendocrine-immune interplay in COVID-19. Further research is necessary to explore the mechanisms underlying the interplay between mental health and SARS-CoV-2 infections.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Ausserhofer, Mahlknecht, Engl, Piccoliori, Pfitscher, Silbernagl, Giacomoni, Pycha, Lombardo, Gärtner, Mian, Meier, Wiedermann and Keim.