Circulating and extracellular vesicle-derived microRNAs as biomarkers in bone-related diseases

Frontiers in Endocrinology

Endocrinology

Natalina Quarto¹  Julika Huber²  Michael T. Longaker³ 

[1] Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany;Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;

关键词: microRNA;    biomarker;    bone;    osteosarcoma;    osteoporosis;    extracellular vesicles;    exosomes;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fendo.2023.1168898

 received in 2023-02-18, accepted in 2023-03-31,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate posttranscriptional gene expression by repressing messengerRNA-targets. MiRNAs are abundant in many cell types and are secreted into extracellular fluids, protected from degradation by packaging in extracellular vesicles. These circulating miRNAs are easily accessible, disease-specific and sensitive to small changes, which makes them ideal biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, predictive or monitoring purposes. Specific miRNA signatures can be reflective of disease status and development or indicators of poor treatment response. This is especially important in malignant diseases, as the ease of accessibility of circulating miRNAs circumvents the need for invasive tissue biopsy. In osteogenesis, miRNAs can act either osteo-enhancing or osteo-repressing by targeting key transcription factors and signaling pathways. This review highlights the role of circulating and extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs as biomarkers in bone-related diseases, with a specific focus on osteoporosis and osteosarcoma. To this end, a comprehensive literature search has been performed. The first part of the review discusses the history and biology of miRNAs, followed by a description of different types of biomarkers and an update of the current knowledge of miRNAs as biomarkers in bone related diseases. Finally, limitations of miRNAs biomarker research and future perspectives will be presented.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Huber, Longaker and Quarto