Analysis and comparison of SARS-CoV-2 variant antibodies and neutralizing activity for 6 months after a booster mRNA vaccine in a healthcare worker population

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Saahir Khan¹  Philip L. Felgner²  Emily K. Silzel²  Algis Jasinskas²  Rafael de Assis²  Rie Nakajima²  Aarti Jain²  Frank Zaldivar³  Sebastian D. Schubl⁴  Mina Kalantari⁵  Peter Horvath⁶  Joshua Alger⁶  Anton M. Palma⁶  Anthony Hoang⁷  Eisa Razzak⁷  Madeleine K. Luu⁷  Sina Hosseinian⁸  Ghali Khalil⁸  Nicholas Garcia⁸ 

[1] Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States;Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;Innovative Health Diagnostics, Irvine, CA, United States;Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States;

关键词: serology;    vaccine;    mRNA;    healthcare worker (HCW);    SARS-CoV-2;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166261

 received in 2023-02-15, accepted in 2023-05-02,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionIn the context of recurrent surges of SARS-CoV-2 infections, a detailed characterization of antibody persistence over a 6-month period following vaccine booster dose is necessary to crafting effective public health policies on repeat vaccination. MethodsTo characterize the SARS-CoV-2 antibody profile of a healthcare worker population over a 6-month period following mRNA vaccination and booster dose. 323 healthcare workers at an academic medical center in Orange County, California who had completed primary vaccination and booster dose against SARS-CoV-2 were recruited for the study. A total of 690 blood specimens over a 6-month period were collected via finger-stick blood and analyzed for the presence of antibodies against 9 SARS-CoV-2 antigens using a coronavirus antigen microarray. ResultsThe primary outcome of this study was the average SARS-CoV-2 antibody level as measured using a novel coronavirus antigen microarray. Additional outcomes measured include levels of antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 variants including Delta, Omicron BA.1, and BA.2. We also measured SARS-CoV-2 neutralization capacity for a subset of the population to confirm correlation with antibody levels. Although antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 wane throughout the 6-month period following a booster dose, antibody levels remain higher than pre-boost levels. However, a booster dose of vaccine based on the original Wuhan strain generates approximately 3-fold lower antibody reactivity against Omicron variants BA.1 and BA.2 as compared to the vaccine strain. Despite waning antibody levels, neutralization activity against the vaccine strain is maintained throughout the 6-month period. DiscussionIn the context of recurrent surges of SARS-CoV-2 infections, our data indicate that breakthrough infections are likely driven by novel variants with different antibody specificity and not by time since last dose of vaccination, indicating that development of vaccinations specific to these novel variants is necessary to prevent future surges of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Hosseinian, de Assis, Khalil, Luu, Jain, Horvath, Nakajima, Palma, Hoang, Razzak, Garcia, Alger, Kalantari, Silzel, Jasinskas, Zaldivar, Schubl, Felgner and Khan