Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 antibody reactivity to natural exposure and inactivated vaccination with peptide microarrays

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Huimin Huang¹  Yanting Fang¹  Peiyan Zheng¹  Zhangkai J. Cheng¹  Baoqing Sun¹  Shiyun Li¹  Runpei Lin¹  Guizhen Zhang¹  Mingshan Xue¹  Jing Ma²  Jiao Yang³  Hongwei Ma³  Fengyu Hu⁴  Baolin Liao⁴ 

[1] Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China;Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China;Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China;Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China;Department of Clinical Laboratory, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan, China;Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China;Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    asymptomatic infections;    antibody response;    peptide microarrays;    vaccination;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1079960

 received in 2022-10-25, accepted in 2023-01-16,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

ObjectiveVaccination is effective tool for preventing and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections, and inactivated vaccines are the most widely used type of vaccine. In order to identify antibody-binding peptide epitopes that can distinguish between individuals who have been vaccinated and those who have been infected, this study aimed to compare the immune responses of vaccinated and infected individuals.MethodsSARS-CoV-2 peptide microarrays were used to assess the differences between 44 volunteers inoculated with the inactivated virus vaccine BBIBP-CorV and 61 patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Clustered heatmaps were used to identify differences between the two groups in antibody responses to peptides such as M1, N24, S15, S64, S82, S104, and S115. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine whether a combined diagnosis with S15, S64, and S104 could effectively distinguish infected patients from vaccinated individuals.ResultsOur findings showed that the specific antibody responses against S15, S64, and S104 peptides were stronger in vaccinators than in infected persons, while responses to M1, N24, S82, and S115 were weaker in asymptomatic patients than in symptomatic patients. Additionally, two peptides (N24 and S115) were found to correlate with the levels of neutralizing antibodies.ConclusionOur results suggest that antibody profiles specific to SARS-CoV-2 can be used to distinguish between vaccinated individuals and those who are infected. The combined diagnosis with S15, S64, and S104 was found to be more effective in distinguishing infected patients from those who have been vaccinated than the diagnosis using individual peptides. Moreover, the specific antibody responses against the N24 and S115 peptides were found to be consistent with the changing trend of neutralizing antibodies.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Zheng, Ma, Yang, Liao, Cheng, Xue, Li, Fang, Lin, Zhang, Huang, Hu, Ma and Sun