Neighborhood-level social vulnerability and individual-level cognitive and motor functioning over time in older non-Latino Black and Latino adults

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Neuroscience

Kiarri N. Kershaw¹  R. Reshmi Mukherjee²  Brittney S. Lange-Maia³  David X. Marquez⁴  Sue E. Leurgans⁵  Melissa Lamar⁶  Lisa L. Barnes⁷ 

[1] Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States;Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA, United States;Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States;Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States;

关键词: neighborhood vulnerability;    social vulnerability;    cognition;    motor functioning;    non-Latino Black adults;    Latinos;    aging;    African Americans;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnhum.2023.1125906

 received in 2022-12-16, accepted in 2023-04-25,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionDespite known health disparities in cognitive aging, a comprehensive rationale for the increased burden in older minoritized populations including non-Latino Black and Latino adults has yet to be elucidated. While most work has focused on person-specific risk, studies are increasingly assessing neighborhood-level risk. We evaluated multiple aspects of the environmental milieu that may be critical when considering vulnerability to adverse health outcomes.MethodsWe investigated associations between a Census-tract derived Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and level of and change in cognitive and motor functioning in 780 older adults (590 non-Latino Black adults, ∼73 years old at baseline; 190 Latinos, ∼70 years old baseline). Total SVI scores (higher = greater neighborhood-level vulnerability) were combined with annual evaluations of cognitive and motor functioning (follow-up ranged from 2 to 18 years). Demographically-adjusted mixed linear regression models tested for associations between SVI and cognitive and motor outcomes in analyses stratified by ethno-racial group.ResultsFor non-Latino Black participants, higher SVI scores were associated with lower levels of global cognitive and motor functioning-specifically, episodic memory, motor dexterity and gait-as well as longitudinal change in visuospatial abilities and hand strength. For Latinos, higher SVI scores were associated with lower levels of global motor functioning only-specifically, motor dexterity; there were no significant associations between SVI and change in motor functioning.DiscussionNeighborhood-level social vulnerability is associated with cognitive and motor functioning in non-Latino Black and Latino older adults, although associations appear to contribute to level more so than longitudinal change.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Lamar, Kershaw, Leurgans, Mukherjee, Lange-Maia, Marquez and Barnes.