ChatGPT and the rise of large language models: the new AI-driven infodemic threat in public health

Frontiers in Public Health

Public Health

Paolo Ferragina¹  Caterina Rizzo²  Guglielmo Arzilli²  Luigi De Angelis²  Francesco Baglivo²  Gaetano Pierpaolo Privitera³  Alberto Eugenio Tozzi⁴ 

[1] Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;Training Office, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy;Fetal, Neonatal and Cardiologic Science Research Area, Predictive and Preventive Medicine Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy;

关键词: artificial intelligence;    natural language processing;    large language models;    ChatGPT;    public health;    infodemic;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2023.1166120

 received in 2023-02-14, accepted in 2023-04-11,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently gathered attention with the release of ChatGPT, a user-centered chatbot released by OpenAI. In this perspective article, we retrace the evolution of LLMs to understand the revolution brought by ChatGPT in the artificial intelligence (AI) field.The opportunities offered by LLMs in supporting scientific research are multiple and various models have already been tested in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks in this domain.The impact of ChatGPT has been huge for the general public and the research community, with many authors using the chatbot to write part of their articles and some papers even listing ChatGPT as an author. Alarming ethical and practical challenges emerge from the use of LLMs, particularly in the medical field for the potential impact on public health. Infodemic is a trending topic in public health and the ability of LLMs to rapidly produce vast amounts of text could leverage misinformation spread at an unprecedented scale, this could create an “AI-driven infodemic,” a novel public health threat. Policies to contrast this phenomenon need to be rapidly elaborated, the inability to accurately detect artificial-intelligence-produced text is an unresolved issue.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 De Angelis, Baglivo, Arzilli, Privitera, Ferragina, Tozzi and Rizzo.