Dietary intake of xylose impacts the transcriptome and proteome of tissues involved in xylose metabolism in swine

Frontiers in Animal Science

Animal Science

Marcela M. de Souza¹  Elisabeth J. Huff-Lonergan¹  Steven M. Lonergan¹  Hamid Beiki¹  Matthew D. Schulte¹  Abigail E. Jantzi¹  Andressa O. de Lima¹  James E. Koltes¹  John F. Patience²  Nichole F. Huntley³ 

[1] Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States;Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States;Iowa Pork Industry Center, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States;Mazuri Exotic Animal Nutrition, PMI Nutrition International, LLC, Arden Hills, MN, United States;Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States;

关键词: gene expression;    kidney;    xylose;    fiber;    pigs;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fanim.2023.1179773

 received in 2023-03-04, accepted in 2023-05-29,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Xylose is a primary component of arabinoxylan in swine diets. As arabinoxylan is a significant component of fiber, and fiber is generally rising in practical pig diets globally, the study of arabinoxylan and xylose is of increasing interest. However, the mechanisms by which free xylose may be absorbed and the pathways impacted by xylose have yet to be elucidated in pigs. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of xylose supplementation on gene expression and protein abundance in jejunum, kidney, liver, and muscle tissues which have previously been identified as possible sites of xylose absorption or metabolism. This study aimed to expand the preliminary understanding of dietary xylose metabolism and utilization in pigs. One study, replicated twice with 24 crossbred gilts, was used to assess two dietary treatments: a xylose-free (0%) control and 8% D-xylose. The impact of xylose on growth was monitored by measuring initial and final body weight, serum IGF-1, and liver glycogen concentrations. The rate and efficiency of weight gain were reduced on the xylose diet but not to a level that would occur if xylose was not used at all; the detection of xylose systemically further supports this conclusion. This study confirmed that pigs can utilize dietary xylose. To determine the impact of xylose on tissue metabolism, samples were collected from all four tissues for gene expression analysis by RNA-sequencing, and kidney and liver samples were subjected to proteomic analysis using 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry. The majority of differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified in the kidney samples (n = 157), with a few identified in the jejunum (n = 16), liver (n = 1), and muscle (n = 20) samples. The DE genes in the kidney were mainly identified as being involved in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism. Proteomic results corroborated these findings. Although the inclusion of xylose in a diet at practical levels is shown to impact energy metabolic processes, it has been confirmed that this five-carbon sugar can support levels of growth only slightly below those of glucose, a six-carbon sugar that is more commonly utilized as an energy source in pig diets.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Huntley, de Souza, Schulte, Beiki, de Lima, Jantzi, Lonergan, Huff-Lonergan, Patience and Koltes