Risk of hospitalization and vaccine effectiveness among COVID-19 patients in the UAE during the Delta and Omicron outbreaks

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Mohammed Albreiki¹  Hema Vurivi¹  Zainab Alhalwachi¹  Habiba Alsafar²  Mira Mousa³  Abderrahim Oulhaj⁴  Syafiq Kamarul Azman⁵  Safiya AlShamsi⁶  Asma Fikri⁷  Tayba Alawadi⁸  Hussain Alrand⁸  Nada Al Marzouqi⁸  Fatima Alshehhi⁸ 

[1] Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Emirates Bio-Research Center, Ministry of Interior, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproduction Health, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom;College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Research and Data Intelligence Support Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;National Center for Health Research, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;National Center for Health Research, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;Faculty of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates;Emirates Health Services Establishment, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;Public Health Sector, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;

关键词: COVID-19;    SARS-CoV-2;    hospitalization;    Delta;    Omicron;    UAE;    vaccine effectiveness;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1049393

 received in 2022-10-04, accepted in 2023-01-20,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionA rapid increase in COVID-19 cases due to the spread of the Delta and Omicron variants in vaccinated populations has raised concerns about the hospitalization risk associated with, and the effectiveness of, COVID-19 vaccines.MethodThis case–control study aims to determine the hospitalization risk associated with the inactivated BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BionTech) vaccines, and their effectiveness reducing the rate of hospital admission between 28 May 2021 and 13 January 2022, during the Delta and Omicron outbreaks. The estimation of vaccine effectiveness of 4,618 samples was based on the number of patients hospitalized at different vaccination statuses, adjusted for confounding variables.ResultsHospitalization risk increases in patients affected with the Omicron variant if patients are aged ≤ 18 years (OR 6.41, 95% CI 2.90 to 14.17; p < 0.001), and in patients affected with the Delta variant if they are aged > 45 years (OR 3.41, 95% CI 2.21 to 5.50; p < 0.001). Vaccine effectiveness reducing the rateof hospital admission for fully vaccinated participants infected with the Delta and Omicron variants was similar for both the BBIBP-CorV (94%, 95% CI 90% to 97%; 90%, 95% CI 74% to 96%) and BNT162b2 vaccines (95%, 95% CI 61% to 99.3%; 94%, 95% CI 53% to 99%), respectively.DiscussionThe BBIBP-CorV and BNT162b2 vaccines utilized in the UAE vaccination program were highly effective in reducing the rate of COVID-19-related hospitalization during the Delta and Omicron outbreaks, and further effort must be taken to achieve high vaccine coverage rates in children and adolescents in the global context to reduce the hospitalization risk associated with COVID-19 on an international scale.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Albreiki, Mousa, Azman, Vurivi, Alhalwachi, Alshehhi, AlShamsi, Marzouqi, Alawadi, Alrand, Oulhaj, Fikri and Alsafar