Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy

Frontiers in Neuroscience

Neuroscience

Haniyyah Sardar¹  Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski¹  William J. Giardino¹ 

[1] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;

关键词: amygdala;    extended amygdala;    narcolepsy;    cataplexy;    sleep;    orexin;    hypocretin;    bed nucleus of stria terminalis;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnins.2023.1152594

 received in 2023-01-28, accepted in 2023-03-17,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by chronic and excessive daytime sleepiness, and sudden intrusion of sleep during wakefulness that can fall into two categories: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 narcolepsy in humans is widely believed to be caused as a result of loss of neurons in the brain that contain the key arousal neuropeptide Orexin (Orx; also known as Hypocretin). Patients with type 1 narcolepsy often also present with cataplexy, the sudden paralysis of voluntary muscles which is triggered by strong emotions (e.g., laughter in humans, social play in dogs, and chocolate in rodents). The amygdala is a crucial emotion-processing center of the brain; however, little is known about the role of the amygdala in sleep/wake and narcolepsy with cataplexy. A collection of reports across human functional neuroimaging analyses and rodent behavioral paradigms points toward the amygdala as a critical node linking emotional regulation to cataplexy. Here, we review the existing evidence suggesting a functional role for the amygdala network in narcolepsy, and build upon a framework that describes relevant contributions from the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), basolateral amygdala (BLA), and the extended amygdala, including the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST). We propose that detailed examinations of amygdala neurocircuitry controlling transitions between emotional arousal states may substantially advance progress in understanding the etiology of narcolepsy with cataplexy, leading to enhanced treatment opportunities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Sardar, Goldstein-Piekarski and Giardino.