Long-term systemic and mucosal SARS-CoV-2 IgA response and its association with persistent smell and taste disorders

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Carine Hejl¹  Damien Ricard²  Jessica Denis³  Annabelle Garnier³  Laurence Cheutin³  Audrey Ferrier³  Hawa Timera³  Fanny Jarjaval³  Emmanuelle Billon-Denis³  Jean-Nicolas Tournier⁴  Marie Mura⁵  Aurélie Trignol⁶ 

[1] Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart, France;Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France;Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart, France;Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France;Centre Borelli Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9010/Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), Université de Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 4, Gif-sur-Yvette, France;Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France;Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France;Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France;Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France;Innovation Lab: Vaccines, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France;Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale de Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France;Université Paris Cité, VIFASOM (UPR 7330 Vigilance Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Paris, France;

关键词: mucosal immunity;    SARS-CoV2 vaccine;    dysosmia;    dysgeusia;    IgA;    Spike N-terminal domain;    smell;    taste;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1140714

 received in 2023-01-09, accepted in 2023-02-21,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionCurrent approved COVID-19 vaccines, notably mRNA and adenoviral vectored technologies, still fail to fully protect against infection and transmission of various SARS-CoV-2 variants. The mucosal immunity at the upper respiratory tract represents the first line of defense against respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and is thus critical to develop vaccine blocking human-to-human transmission. MethodsWe measured systemic and mucosal Immunoglobulin A (IgA) response in serum and saliva from 133 healthcare workers from Percy teaching military hospital following a mild infection (SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain, n=58) or not infected (n=75), and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (Vaxzevria®/Astrazeneca and/or Comirnaty®/Pfizer). ResultsWhile serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgA response lasted up to 16 months post-infection, IgA response in saliva had mostly fallen to baseline level at 6 months post-infection. Vaccination could reactivate the mucosal response generated by prior infection, but failed to induce a significant mucosal IgA response by itself. Early post-COVID-19 serum anti-Spike-NTD IgA titer correlated with seroneutralization titers. Interestingly, its saliva counterpart positively correlated with persistent smell and taste disorders more than one year after mild COVID-19.DiscussionAs breakthrough infections have been correlated with IgA levels, other vaccine platforms inducing a better mucosal immunity are needed to control COVID-19 infection in the future. Our results encourage further studies to explore the prognosis potential of anti-Spike-NTD IgA in saliva at predicting persistent smell and taste disorders.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Denis, Garnier, Cheutin, Ferrier, Timera, Jarjaval, Hejl, Billon-Denis, Percy ImmunoCovid group, Ricard, Tournier, Trignol and Mura