Effects of isolation and confinement on gastrointestinal microbiota–a systematic review

Frontiers in Nutrition

Nutrition

Claude Lambert¹  John Penders²  Paul Enck³  Isabelle Mack³  Jasmin Ketel³  Christina Steinbach³  Bea Klos³  Joël Doré⁴ 

[1] CIRI–Immunology Lab University Hospital, Saint-Étienne, France;LCOMS/ENOSIS Université de Lorraine, Metz, France;Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Maastricht University Medical Center, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands;Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Maastricht University Medical Center, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, Netherlands;Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany;UMR Micalis Institut, INRA, Paris-Saclay University, Jouy-En-Josas, France;

关键词: isolation;    confinement;    human;    microbiota;    gut;    gastrointestinal;    space;    Antarctica;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2023.1214016

 received in 2023-04-28, accepted in 2023-06-21,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

PurposeThe gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem whose composition and function are influenced by many internal and external factors. Overall, the individual GI microbiota composition appears to be rather stable but can be influenced by extreme shifts in environmental exposures. To date, there is no systematic literature review that examines the effects of extreme environmental conditions, such as strict isolation and confinement, on the GI microbiota.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review to examine the effects of isolated and confined environments on the human GI microbiota. The literature search was conducted according to PRISMA criteria using PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Relevant studies were identified based on exposure to isolated and confined environments, generally being also antigen-limited, for a minimum of 28 days and classified according to the microbiota analysis method (cultivation- or molecular based approaches) and the isolation habitat (space, space- or microgravity simulation such as MARS-500 or natural isolation such as Antarctica). Microbial shifts in abundance, alpha diversity and community structure in response to isolation were assessed.ResultsRegardless of the study habitat, inconsistent shifts in abundance of 40 different genera, mainly in the phylum Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) were reported. Overall, the heterogeneity of studies was high. Reducing heterogeneity was neither possible by differentiating the microbiota analysis methods nor by subgrouping according to the isolation habitat. Alpha diversity evolved non-specifically, whereas the microbial community structure remained dissimilar despite partial convergence. The GI ecosystem returned to baseline levels following exposure, showing resilience irrespective of the experiment length.ConclusionAn isolated and confined environment has a considerable impact on the GI microbiota composition in terms of diversity and relative abundances of dominant taxa. However, due to a limited number of studies with rather small sample sizes, it is important to approach an in-depth conclusion with caution, and results should be considered as a preliminary trend. The risk of dysbiosis and associated diseases should be considered when planning future projects in extreme environments.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022357589.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Klos, Steinbach, Ketel, Lambert, Penders, Doré, Enck and Mack.