Surveillance for feline herpesvirus type 1 mutation and development of resistance in cats treated with antiviral medications

Frontiers in Veterinary Science

Veterinary Science

Morgan E. Marino¹  Nikole E. Ineck¹  Ugochi Emelogu¹  Chin-Chi Liu¹  Melanie A. Mironovich¹  Erinn P. Mills¹  Renee T. Carter¹  Pilar Camacho-Luna¹  Andrew C. Lewin² 

[1] Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States;null;

关键词: feline herpesvirus;    cidofovir;    famciclovir;    ganciclovir;    antiviral;    resistance;    mutation;    genomics;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fvets.2023.1197249

 received in 2023-03-30, accepted in 2023-05-02,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) commonly causes ocular surface disease in cats and is treated with antiviral medications targeting viral DNA polymerase (UL30/42). Herein, we describe a method to assess the FHV-1 genome for mutation development and to assess the functional impact of mutations, if present. Fourteen shelter-housed domestic cats with FHV-1 ocular surface disease were assigned to one of four treatment groups: placebo (n = 3), cidofovir 0.5% ophthalmic solution (n = 3), famciclovir oral solution (n = 5), or ganciclovir 0.15% ophthalmic solution (n = 3). Swabs were collected before (day 1) and after (day 8) 1 week of twice-daily treatments to isolate viable FHV-1. Viral DNA was extracted for sequencing using Illumina MiSeq with subsequent genomic variant detection between paired day 1 and day 8 isolates. Plaque reduction assay was performed on paired isolates demonstrating non-synonymous variants. A total of 171 synonymous and 3 non-synonymous variants were identified in day 8 isolates. No variants were detected in viral UL23, UL30, or UL42 genes. Variant totals were not statistically different in animals receiving antiviral or placebo (p = 0.4997). A day 8 isolate from each antiviral treatment group contained a single non-synonymous variant in ICP4 (transcriptional regulator). These 3 isolates demonstrated no evidence of functional antiviral resistance when IC50 was assessed. Most (10/14 pairs) day 1 and 8 viral isolate pairs from the same host animal were near-identical. While functional variants were not detected in this small sample, these techniques can be replicated to assess FHV-1 isolates suspected of having developed resistance to antiviral medications.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Lewin, Ineck, Mironovich, Marino, Liu, Emelogu, Mills, Camacho-Luna and Carter.