The presence of senescent peripheral T-cells is negatively correlated to COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity in cancer patients under 70 years of age

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

E. Renaude¹  JR. Pallandre²  M. Kroemer³  A. Falcoz⁴  A. Vienot⁵  L. Spehner⁵  E. Orillard⁵  L. Mansi⁵  C. Borg⁶  Q. Lepiller⁷  A. Bouard⁸ 

[1] Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France;Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France;ITAC Platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France;Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France;ITAC Platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France;Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France;Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France;Methodology and Quality of Life Unit in Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France;Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France;Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France;Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France;Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France;ITAC Platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France;Department of Virology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France;Research Unit EA3181, Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France;ITAC Platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France;

关键词: COVID-19, vaccination;    predictive biomarker;    cancer patient;    T lymphocyte (T-cell);    senescence;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1160664

 received in 2023-02-07, accepted in 2023-04-27,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

PurposeCancer patients are at risk of severe COVID-19 infection, and vaccination is recommended. Nevertheless, we observe a failure of COVID-19 vaccines in this vulnerable population. We hypothesize that senescent peripheral T-cells alter COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity.MethodsWe performed a monocentric prospective study and enrolled cancer patients and healthy donors before the COVID-19 vaccination. The primary objective was to assess the association of peripheral senescent T-cells (CD28-CD57+KLRG1+) with COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity.ResultsEighty cancer patients have been included, with serological and specific T-cell responses evaluated before and at 3 months post-vaccination. Age ≥ 70 years was the principal clinical factor negatively influencing the serological (p=0.035) and specific SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses (p=0.047). The presence of senescent T-cells was correlated to lower serological (p=0.049) and specific T-cell responses (p=0.009). Our results sustained the definition of a specific cut-off for senescence immune phenotype (SIP) (≥ 5% of CD4 and ≥ 39.5% of CD8 T-cells), which was correlated to a lower serological response induced by COVID-19 vaccination for CD4 and CD8 SIPhigh (p=0.039 and p=0.049 respectively). While CD4 SIP level had no impact on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in elderly patients, our results unraveled a possible predictive role for CD4 SIPhigh T-cell levels in younger cancer patients.ConclusionsElderly cancer patients have a poor serological response to vaccination; specific strategies are needed in this population. Also, the presence of a CD4 SIPhigh affects the serological response in younger patients and seems to be a potential biomarker of no vaccinal response.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Orillard, Spehner, Mansi, Bouard, Falcoz, Lepiller, Renaude, Pallandre, Vienot, Kroemer and Borg