Production, optimization, and physicochemical characterization of biodiesel from seed oil of indigenously grown Jatropha curcas

Frontiers in Energy Research

Energy Research

Tawaf Ali Shah¹  Turki M. Dawoud²  Samiullah Khan³  Mian Laiq Ur Rehman³  Abdul Haq³  Malik Badshah³  Qurrat ul Ain Rana³  Safia Ahmed³  Aamer Ali Shah³  Alam Khan³  Fariha Hasan³  Haji Khan⁴  Arshad Islam⁵  Mohammed Bourhia⁶  Wasim Sajjad⁷ 

[1] College of Agriculture Engineering and Food Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China;Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan;Department of Microbiology, University of Swat, Mingora, Pakistan;Departmento de Fisiologia e Bioficisica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune, Morocco;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco- Environment, and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China;

关键词: acid pretreatment;    alkaline transesterification;    biodiesel;    Jatropha curcas;    two-step biodiesel production;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fenrg.2023.1225988

 received in 2023-05-20, accepted in 2023-07-26,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

With the growing demand for vegetable oils, alternative non-edible feedstocks like Jatropha curcas seed oil have gained interest for biodiesel production. The study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the physicochemical properties and biodiesel production potential of locally produced J. curcas seeds in Pakistan. Two different approaches were applied: a chemical synthesis approach involving acidic pretreatment and alkaline transesterification, and a biosynthetic approach using a lipase-producing strain of the Bacillus subtilis Q5 strain. The microbial biosynthesized biodiesel was further optimized using the Plackett–Burman design. The physicochemical properties of the J. curcas methyl esters were analyzed to assess their suitability as biodiesel fuel. Initially, the raw oil had a high free fatty acid content of 13.11%, which was significantly reduced to 1.2% using sulfuric acid pretreatment, keeping the oil to methanol molar ratio to be 1:12. Afterward, alkaline transesterification of purified acid-pretreated seed oil resulted in 96% biodiesel yield at an oil to methanol molar ratio of 1:6, agitation of 600 revolutions per minute (RPM), temperature 60°C, and time 2 h. Moreover, alkaline transesterification yielded ∼98% biodiesel at the following optimized conditions: oil to methanol molar ratio 1:6, KOH 1%, time 90 min, and temperature 60°C. Similarly, the Bacillus subtilis Q5 strain yielded ∼98% biodiesel at the following optimized conditions: oil: methanol ratio of 1:9, agitation 150 RPM, inoculum size 10%, temperature 37°C, and n-hexane 10%. The fuel properties of J. curcas seed biodiesel are closely related to standard values specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751–20a), indicating its potential as a viable biodiesel fuel source.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Haq, Laiq Ur Rehman, Rana, Khan, Sajjad, Khan, Khan, Shah, Hasan, Ahmed, Islam, Badshah, Shah, Dawoud and Bourhia.