Adaptive immune response to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in immunocompromised adolescent patients

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Motti Gerlic¹  Hadar Cohen¹  Liat Edry-Botzer¹  Ariel Munitz¹  Guy Bader¹  Michal Itan¹  Yael Mozer-Glassberg²  Nufar Marcus Mandelblit³  Orly Haskin⁴  Liora Harel⁵ 

[1] Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;Sackler School, Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;Gastroenterology Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel;Sackler School, Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;Kipper Institute of Immunology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel;Sackler School, Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;Nephrology Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel;Sackler School, Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;Rheumatology Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel;

关键词: transplantation;    immunodeficiency - primary;    vaccination;    COVID-19;    adaptive immunity;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1131965

 received in 2022-12-26, accepted in 2023-03-13,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Protective immunity against COVID-19 is orchestrated by an intricate network of innate and adaptive anti-viral immune responses. Several vaccines have been rapidly developed to combat the destructive effects of COVID-19, which initiate an immunological cascade that results in the generation of neutralizing antibodies and effector T cells towards the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Developing optimal vaccine-induced anti-SARS- CoV-2 protective immunity depends on a fully competent immune response. Some evidence was gathered on the effects of vaccination outcomes in immunocompromised adult individuals. Nonetheless, protective immunity elicited by the Pfizer Biontech BNT162b2 vaccine in immunocompromised adolescents received less attention and was mainly focused on the antibody response and their neutralization potential. The overall immune response, including T-cell activities, was largely understudied. In this study, we characterized the immune response of vaccinated immunocompromised adolescents. We found that immunocompromised adolescents, which may fail to elicit a humoral response and develop antibodies, may still develop cellular T-cell immunity towards SARS-CoV-2 infections. Furthermore, most immunocompromised adolescents due to genetic disorders or drugs (Kidney and liver transplantation) still develop either humoral, cellular or both arms of immunity towards SARS-CoV-2 infections. We also demonstrate that most patients could mount a cellular or humoral response even after six months post 2nd vaccination. The findings that adolescents immunocompromised patients respond to some extent to vaccination are promising. Finally, they question the necessity for additional vaccination boosting regimens for this population who are not at high risk for severe disease, without further testing of their post-vaccination immune status.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Bader, Itan, Edry-Botzer, Cohen, Haskin, Mozer-Glassberg, Harel, Munitz, Mandelblit and Gerlic