Exploring the impact of ketogenic diet on multiple sclerosis: obesity, anxiety, depression, and the glutamate system

Frontiers in Nutrition

Nutrition

Jose Enrique de la Rubia Ortí¹  Claudia Emmanuela Sanchis-Sanchis¹  Esther Navarro-Illana¹  María Pilar García Pardo²  María Cuerda-Ballester³  Jose María Lajara Romance⁴ 

[1] Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain;Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain;Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain;Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain;

关键词: multiple sclerosis;    ketogenic diets;    obesity;    anxiety;    depression;    glutamate;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2023.1227431

 received in 2023-05-23, accepted in 2023-08-10,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Individuals with MS frequently present symptoms such as functional disability, obesity, and anxiety and depression. Axonal demyelination can be observed and implies alterations in mitochondrial activity and increased inflammation associated with disruptions in glutamate neurotransmitter activity. In this context, the ketogenic diet (KD), which promotes the production of ketone bodies in the blood [mainly β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB)], is a non-pharmacological therapeutic alternative that has shown promising results in peripheral obesity reduction and central inflammation reduction. However, the association of this type of diet with emotional symptoms through the modulation of glutamate activity in MS individuals remains unknown.AimTo provide an update on the topic and discuss the potential impact of KD on anxiety and depression through the modulation of glutamate activity in subjects with MS.DiscussionThe main findings suggest that the KD, as a source of ketone bodies in the blood, improves glutamate activity by reducing obesity, which is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, promoting central inflammation (particularly through an increase in interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17). This improvement would imply a decrease in extrasynaptic glutamate activity, which has been linked to functional disability and the presence of emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Ortí, Cuerda-Ballester, Sanchis-Sanchis, Lajara Romance, Navarro-Illana and García Pardo.