Risk factors of suicidal spectrum behaviors in adults and adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder – a systematic review

BMC Psychiatry

Research

Nanna Karen Gilberg Skram¹  Astri J. Lundervold¹  Amalie Austgulen²  Jan Haavik³ 

[1] Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies Vei 91, 5009, Bergen, Norway;Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies Vei 91, 5009, Bergen, Norway;Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies Vei 91, 5009, Bergen, Norway;Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;

关键词: Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder;    ADHD;    Suicide;    Comorbidity;    Adults;    Adolescents;    Self-harm;    Suicidal spectrum behaviors;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12888-023-05099-8

 received in 2023-02-12, accepted in 2023-08-09,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionAdolescents and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk of suicidal spectrum behaviors (SSBs). However, there is limited knowledge about risk factors triggering SSBs in this group of people.ObjectiveTo explore published literature concerning factors that may increase the risk of SSBs in adults and adolescents with ADHD.MethodsA systematic literature search following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted on 22nd of February 2022 using the Ovid MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. Three categories of search terms were used: (1) self-harm, self-injury, self-mutilation, suicide, self-poisoning; (2) adults, adolescents; and (3) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder/ADHD. Studies with data concerning mediating factors of SSBs in relation to a clinical diagnosis of ADHD in participants above 16 years of age were included.ResultsThe literature search identified 604 articles, of which 40 were included in the final study selection. Factors found to increase the likelihood of SSBs included ADHD symptom severity and persistence, female gender, family history of ADHD, childhood and parental influences, and social functioning. Even when adjusting for psychiatric comorbidities, most studies showed that adults and adolescents with ADHD have an elevated risk of SSBs.ConclusionThis systematic review has documented that several demographic and clinical features are associated with an increased risk of SSBs in adolescents and adults with ADHD. Notably, ADHD emerges as an independent risk factor for SSBs. This information ought to have clinical implications in terms of screening and suicide prevention strategies. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the outcome of preventive strategies in individuals along the full spectrum of ADHD symptom severity.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

【 图 表 】

Fig. 1