Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants

BMC Medicine

Research Article

Fangang Meng¹  Guoen Cai²  Yingqing Wang²  Yueping Li²  Xiaochun Chen²  Qinyong Ye²  Yisen Shi²  Fabin Lin³ 

[1] Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China;Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, 350001, Fuzhou, China;Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, 350001, Fuzhou, China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, 350001, Fuzhou, China;Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, 350001, Fuzhou, China;Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, 350001, Fuzhou, China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, 350001, Fuzhou, China;Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 350001, Fuzhou, China;

关键词: Dementia;    Alzheimer’s disease;    Vascular dementia;    Frontotemporal dementia;    Pro-inflammatory diet;    Brain MRI;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12916-023-02940-5

 received in 2023-03-08, accepted in 2023-06-13,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests an association between pro-inflammatory diets and cognitive function. However, only a few studies based on small sample sizes have explored the association between pro-inflammatory diets and dementia using the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Additionally, the relationship between DII and different subtypes of dementia, such as Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia, remains largely unexplored. Given the changes in brain structure already observed in patients with dementia, we also investigated the association between DII and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of brain structure to provide some hints to elucidate the potential mechanisms between pro-inflammatory diet and cognitive decline.MethodsA total of 166,377 UK Biobank participants without dementia at baseline were analyzed. DII calculations were based on the information collected by the 24-h recall questionnaire. Brain structural anatomy and tissue-specific volumes were measured using brain MRI. Cox proportional hazards models, competing risk models, and restricted cubic spline were applied to assess the longitudinal associations. The generalized linear model was used to assess the association between DII and MRI measurements.ResultsDuring a median follow-up time of 9.46 years, a total of 1372 participants developed dementia. The incidence of all-cause dementia increased by 4.6% for each additional unit of DII [hazard ratio (HR): 1.046]. Besides, DII displayed a “J-shaped” non-linear association with Alzheimer’s dementia (Pnonlinear = 0.003). When DII was above 1.30, an increase in DII was significantly associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s dementia (HR: 1.391, 95%CI: 1.085–1.784, P = 0.009). For brain MRI, the total volume of white matter hyperintensities increased with an increase in DII, whereas the volume of gray matter in the hippocampus decreased.ConclusionsIn this cohort study, higher DII was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s dementia. However, our findings suggested that the association with DII and vascular and frontotemporal dementia was not significant.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

Fig. 3

40708_2023_198_Article_IEq16.gif

Fig. 3