Quality of life of COVID-19 recovered patients: a 1-year follow-up study from Bangladesh

Infectious Diseases of Poverty

Research Article

Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader¹  Irin Chowdhury¹  Mohammad Hayatun Nabi¹  Mosharop Hossian¹  Samanta Sabed¹  Habiba Babul¹  Tajrin Rahman¹  Sabrina Afroz Borsha¹  Sree Shib Shankar Devnath Debu¹  Nawshin Ahmed¹  Tahmina Zerin Mishu¹  Faraz Al Zafar¹  Naima Nur¹  Mashrur Ahmed¹  Abdullah Enam²  Mowshomi Mannan Liza³  Sharmin Akter³  Md Utba Rashid⁴  Soumik Kha Sagar⁴  Ridwana Maher Manna⁴  Md Abdullah Saeed Khan⁵  Miah Md. Akiful Haque⁶  Sabrina Yesmin Barsha⁶  Sabiha Hyder⁶  Alberi Afifa Shifat⁶  Mohammad Ali Hossain⁶  Shopnil Roy⁷  K. M. Tanvir Hassan⁷  Mohammad Lutfor Rahman⁷  Koustuv Dalal⁸ 

[1] Department of Public Health, North South University, Bashundhara, 1229, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Department of Public Health, North South University, Bashundhara, 1229, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Covid Vaccine Coordination Cell, Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh;Department of Public Health, North South University, Bashundhara, 1229, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital, Kallyanpur, 1216, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Department of Public Health, North South University, Bashundhara, 1229, Dhaka, Bangladesh;International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Mohakhali, 1212, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Department of Public Health, North South University, Bashundhara, 1229, Dhaka, Bangladesh;National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Mohakhali, 1212, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Department of Public Health, North South University, Bashundhara, 1229, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Public Health Promotion and Development Society (PPDS), 1205, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Institute of Statistical Research and Training (ISRT), University of Dhaka, 1000, Dhaka, Bangladesh;School of Health Sciences, Division of Public Health Science, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden;

关键词: Quality of life;    Health-related quality of life;    Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction;    COVID-19;    Bangladesh;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40249-023-01125-9

 received in 2022-12-27, accepted in 2023-08-01,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic posed a danger to global public health because of the unprecedented physical, mental, social, and environmental impact affecting quality of life (QoL). The study aimed to find the changes in QoL among COVID-19 recovered individuals and explore the determinants of change more than 1 year after recovery in low-resource settings.MethodsCOVID-19 patients from all eight divisions of Bangladesh who were confirmed positive by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from June 2020 to November 2020 and who subsequently recovered were followed up twice, once immediately after recovery and again 1 year after the first follow-up. The follow-up study was conducted from November 2021 to January 2022 among 2438 individuals using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). After excluding 48 deaths, 95 were rejected to participate, 618 were inaccessible, and there were 45 cases of incomplete data. Descriptive statistics, paired-sample analyses, generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to test the mean difference in participants’ QoL scores between the two interviews.ResultsMost participants (n = 1710, 70.1%) were male, and one-fourth (24.4%) were older than 46. The average physical domain score decreased significantly from baseline to follow-up, and the average scores in psychological, social, and environmental domains increased significantly at follow-up (P < 0.05). By the GEE equation approach, after adjusting for other factors, we found that older age groups (P < 0.001), being female (P < 0.001), having hospital admission during COVID-19 illness (P < 0.001), and having three or more chronic diseases (P < 0.001), were significantly associated with lower physical and psychological QoL scores. Higher age and female sex [adjusted odd ratio (aOR) = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–1.6] were associated with reduced social domain scores on multivariable logistic regression analysis. Urban or semi-urban people were 49% less likely (aOR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.4–0.7) and 32% less likely (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.5–0.9) to have a reduced QoL score in the psychological domain and the social domain respectively, than rural people. Higher-income people were more likely to experience a decrease in QoL scores in physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. Married people were 1.8 times more likely (aOR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.3–2.4) to have a decreased social QoL score. In the second interview, people admitted to hospitals during their COVID-19 infection showed a 1.3 times higher chance (aOR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6) of a decreased environmental QoL score. Almost 13% of participants developed one or more chronic diseases between the first and second interviews. Moreover, 7.9% suffered from reinfection by COVID-19 during this 1-year time.ConclusionsThe present study found that the QoL of COVID-19 recovered people improved 1 year after recovery, particularly in psychological, social, and environmental domains. However, age, sex, the severity of COVID-19, smoking habits, and comorbidities were significantly negatively associated with QoL. Events of reinfection and the emergence of chronic disease were independent determinants of the decline in QoL scores in psychological, social, and physical domains, respectively. Strong policies to prevent and minimize smoking must be implemented in Bangladesh, and we must monitor and manage chronic diseases in people who have recovered from COVID-19.Graphical Abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© National Institute of Parasitic Diseases 2023

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