Determinants of pneumonia among under-five children at Hiwot Fana specialized hospital, Eastern Ethiopia: unmatched case-control study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Research

Adera Debella¹  Ibsa Mussa²  Tesfaye Assebe Yadeta²  Mokanint Kifle² 

[1] School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia;School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia;

关键词: Determinants;    Pneumonia;    Under-five children;    Case-control;    Ethiopia;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12890-023-02593-3

 received in 2023-04-03, accepted in 2023-08-02,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundGlobally, pneumonia is a serious public health issue. Clear evidence is necessary for the early detection and treatment of pneumonia's causes. Yet, there is limited data on this issue in the current study area. Thus, this study aimed to pinpoint the determinants of pneumonia among under-five children at Hiwot Fana Specialized Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among a sample of 348 (116 cases and 232 controls) children at Hiwot Fana Specialized Hospital from October 1 to November 30, 2022. A consecutive sampling technique was employed, and data were collected with a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data was entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were fitted. Variables with a 95% confidence interval having a p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsAn overall total of 347 (115 cases and 232 controls) among under-five children was included in this study. Factors such as hand washing before child feeding [AOR: 3.11 (1.74-5.57)], birth to 6 months breastfeeding [AOR: 2.76 (1.35-5.25)], zinc supplementation [AOR: 2.5 (1.33-4.40)], diarrhea in the last 2 weeks [AOR: 4.7 (2.64-8.33)], and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in the last 2 weeks [AOR: 5.46 (3.21-10.92)] were found to be determinants of pneumonia.ConclusionsThis study pointed out that the under-five pneumonia was relatively large. Factors such as hand washing before child feeding, birth to 6 months of breastfeeding, zinc supplementation of the child, diarrhea in the last 2 weeks, and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in the last 2 weeks were determinants of under-five pneumonia. In this study, the primary risk factors for pneumonia may be preventable with no or minimal cost. Therefore, we advise suitable and sufficient health education addressing the prevention and management of pneumonia.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023