A six-month low-carbohydrate diet high in fat does not adversely affect endothelial function or markers of low-grade inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes: an open-label randomized controlled trial

Cardiovascular Diabetology

Research

Aase Handberg¹  Camilla D. Hansen²  Mie B. Hugger³  Jane M. Jensen³  Aleksander Krag³  Michael H. Olsen⁴  Henning Beck-Nielsen⁵  Thomas B. Olesen⁵  Kurt Højlund⁵  Eva M. Gram-Kampmann⁶ 

[1] Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Ålborg, Denmark;Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Ålborg, Denmark;Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark;Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark;Department of Internal Medicine 1, Holbæk Hospital, and Steno Diabetes Center Zealand, Holbæk, Denmark;Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 10, Entrance 112, 5000, Odense, Denmark;Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 10, Entrance 112, 5000, Odense, Denmark;Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark;

关键词: Low-carbohydrate diet;    Type 2 diabetes;    Endothelial function;    Flow-mediated vasodilation;    Low-grade inflammation;    Cardiovascular risk;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12933-023-01956-8

 received in 2023-05-21, accepted in 2023-08-10,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundWhile a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) reduces HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the associated high intake of fat may adversely affect cardiovascular risk factors. To address this, we examined the effect of a non-calorie-restricted LCD high in fat on endothelial function and markers of low-grade inflammation in T2D over 6 months.MethodsIn an open-label randomized controlled trial, 71 patients with T2D were randomized 2:1 to either a LCD (< 20 E% carbohydrates, 50–60 E% fat) or a control diet (50–60 E% carbohydrates, 20–30 E% fat) for six months. Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID) were assessed by ultrasound in the brachial artery together with plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the participants at baseline (n = 70) and after six months (n = 64).ResultsThe FMD and NID were unaltered in both groups after six months, and there were no between-group differences in change of either FMD (p = 0.34) or NID (p = 0.53) in response to the interventions. The circulating hsCRP and IL-6 levels decreased only in response to LCD (both p < 0.05). However, comparing changes over time with the control diet, the LCD did not reduce either IL-6 (p = 0.25) or hsCRP (p = 0.07) levels. The lack of changes in FMD and NID in response to LCD persisted after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors.ConclusionA LCD high in fat for six months does not adversely affect endothelial function or selected markers of low-grade inflammation, which suggests that this nutritional approach does not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03068078).

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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