The application of Aptamer in biomarker discovery

Biomarker Research

Review

Xiaoting Qiao¹  Yongshu Li²  Yunhua Gao²  Chiman Tsang³  Xiaokang Wang⁴  Yongyi Li⁵  Winnie Wailing TAM⁶  Yuanyuan Yu⁶  Yanyang Tu⁷  Weijing Wang⁸  Zhichao Xue⁹  Zhenjian Zhuo^1,10 

[1]Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China

[2]Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China

[3]Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China

[4]Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

[5]Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China

[6]Laboratory Animal Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China

[7]Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China

[8]Research Center, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou City, China

[9]Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China

[10]Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China

[11]State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China

[12]Laboratory Animal Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China

关键词: Aptamer;    Biomarker discovery;    SELEX;    SOMAScan;    Cardiovascular diseases;    cancer;    Neurodegeneration-related diseases;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40364-023-00510-8

 received in 2023-04-11, accepted in 2023-06-29,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Biomarkers are detectable molecules that can reflect specific physiological states of cells, organs, and organisms and therefore be regarded as indicators for specific diseases. And the discovery of biomarkers plays an essential role in cancer management from the initial diagnosis to the final treatment regime. Practically, reliable clinical biomarkers are still limited, restricted by the suboptimal methods in biomarker discovery. Nucleic acid aptamers nowadays could be used as a powerful tool in the discovery of protein biomarkers. Nucleic acid aptamers are single-strand oligonucleotides that can specifically bind to various targets with high affinity. As artificial ssDNA or RNA, aptamers possess unique advantages compared to conventional antibodies. They can be flexible in design, low immunogenicity, relative chemical/thermos stability, as well as modifying convenience. Several SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) based methods have been generated recently to construct aptamers for discovering new biomarkers in different cell locations. Secretome SELEX-based aptamers selection can facilitate the identification of secreted protein biomarkers. The aptamers developed by cell-SELEX can be used to unveil those biomarkers presented on the cell surface. The aptamers from tissue-SELEX could target intracellular biomarkers. And as a multiplexed protein biomarker detection technology, aptamer-based SOMAScan can analyze thousands of proteins in a single run. In this review, we will introduce the principle and workflow of variations of SELEX-based methods, including secretome SELEX, ADAPT, Cell-SELEX and tissue SELEX. Another powerful proteome analyzing tool, SOMAScan, will also be covered. In the second half of this review, how these methods accelerate biomarker discovery in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, will be discussed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

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