Pest status, molecular evolution, and epigenetic factors derived from the genome assembly of Frankliniella fusca, a thysanopteran phytovirus vector

BMC Genomics

Research

Alana L. Jacobson¹  Paul E. Labadie²  George G. Kennedy²  Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan³  Brendan G. Hunt³  Michael A. Catto⁴ 

[1] Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University College of Agriculture, 36849, Auburn, AL, USA;Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, 27695, Raleigh, NC, USA;Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 30223, Griffin, GA, USA;Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 30602, Athens, GA, USA;

关键词: Crop pest;    Thrips;    Orthotospovirus;    Selection pressures;    CpGo/e;    i5K;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12864-023-09375-5

 received in 2022-11-30, accepted in 2023-05-13,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca Hinds; family Thripidae; order Thysanoptera) is an important pest that can transmit viruses such as the tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus to numerous economically important agricultural row crops and vegetables. The structural and functional genomics within the order Thysanoptera has only begun to be explored. Within the > 7000 known thysanopteran species, the melon thrips (Thrips palmi Karny) and the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergrande) are the only two thysanopteran species with assembled genomes.ResultsA genome of F. fusca was assembled by long-read sequencing of DNA from an inbred line. The final assembly size was 370 Mb with a single copy ortholog completeness of ~ 99% with respect to Insecta. The annotated genome of F. fusca was compared with the genome of its congener, F. occidentalis. Results revealed many instances of lineage-specific differences in gene content. Analyses of sequence divergence between the two Frankliniella species’ genomes revealed substitution patterns consistent with positive selection in ~ 5% of the protein-coding genes with 1:1 orthologs. Further, gene content related to its pest status, such as xenobiotic detoxification and response to an ambisense-tripartite RNA virus (orthotospovirus) infection was compared with F. occidentalis. Several F. fusca genes related to virus infection possessed signatures of positive selection. Estimation of CpG depletion, a mutational consequence of DNA methylation, revealed that F. fusca genes that were downregulated and alternatively spliced in response to virus infection were preferentially targeted by DNA methylation. As in many other insects, DNA methylation was enriched in exons in Frankliniella, but gene copies with homology to DNA methyltransferase 3 were numerous and fragmented. This phenomenon seems to be relatively unique to thrips among other insect groups.ConclusionsThe F. fusca genome assembly provides an important resource for comparative genomic analyses of thysanopterans. This genomic foundation allows for insights into molecular evolution, gene regulation, and loci important to agricultural pest status.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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