Lesions and pathogens found in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms

Porcine Health Management

Research

Henrik Elvang Jensen¹  Karen Pankoke¹  Mette Sif Hansen¹  Jens Peter Nielsen¹  Katrine Top Hartmann¹  Kristiane Barington¹  Esben Østergaard Eriksen¹  Sophie Amalie Blirup-Plum¹  Lars Erik Larsen¹  Egle Kudirkiene¹  John Elmerdahl Olsen¹  Benjamin Meyer Jørgensen¹  Nicole Bakkegård Goecke¹  Ken Steen Pedersen² 

[1]Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 3, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

[2]Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 3, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

[3]Ø-Vet A/S, Køberupvej 33, 4700, Næstved, Denmark

关键词: Herd health management;    Histology;    Immunohistochemistry;    Microbiology;    Pathology;    Pigs;    Real-time qPCR;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40813-023-00319-9

 received in 2023-03-14, accepted in 2023-05-08,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDiagnosing and treatment of diseases in pigs are important to maintain animal welfare, food safety and productivity. At the same time antimicrobial resistance is increasing, and therefore, antibiotic treatment should be reserved for individuals with a bacterial infection. The aim of the study was to investigate gross and histological lesions and related pathogens in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms. In addition, high throughput, real-time qPCR monitoring of specific porcine pathogens in fecal sock and oral fluid samples were carried out to investigate the between-farm and between-batch variation in the occurrence of pathogens.ResultsTwenty-five batches of nursery pigs from five intensive, indoor herds were followed from weaning (approximately four weeks) to the end of nursery (seven to eight weeks post weaning). Gross and histological evaluation of 238 dead and 30 euthanized pigs showed the highest prevalence of lesions in the skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, and joints. Gross and histological diagnoses of lung and joint lesions agreed in 46.5% and 62.2% of selected pigs, respectively. Bacteriological detection of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus suis or Staphylococcus aureus infections in joints, lungs and livers was confirmed as genuine infection on immunohistochemical staining in 11 out of 70 tissue sections. The real-time qPCR analysis of pooled samples showed that most pathogens detected in feces and in oral fluid in general followed the same shedding patterns in consecutive batches within herds.ConclusionsGross assessment should be supplemented with a histopathological assessment especially when diagnosing lesions in the lungs and joints. Moreover, microbiological detection of pathogens should optimally be followed up by in situ identification to confirm causality. Furthermore, routine necropsies can reveal gastric lesions that may warrant a change in management. Real-time qPCR testing of fecal sock samples and oral fluid samples may be used to monitor the infections in the individual herd and testing one batch seems to have a good predictive value for subsequent batches within a herd. Overall, optimal diagnostic protocols will provide a more substantiated prescription of antibiotics.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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