Biological roles of A-to-I editing: implications in innate immunity, cell death, and cancer immunotherapy

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Review

Li Xu¹  Hai-Juan Bao²  Shuo Chen²  Yang Zhao²  Jie-lin Wang²  Jing Yuan² 

[1] Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 110001, Shenyang, China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, 510150, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, P. R. China;

关键词: A-to-I editing;    Innate immunity;    Cell death;    Targeted therapy;    Cancer immunotherapy;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13046-023-02727-9

 received in 2023-04-14, accepted in 2023-06-02,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, a key RNA modification widely found in eukaryotes, is catalyzed by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). Such RNA editing destabilizes endogenous dsRNAs, which are subsequently recognized by the sensors of innate immune and other proteins as autologous dsRNAs. This prevents the activation of innate immunity and type I interferon-mediated responses, thereby reducing the downstream cell death induced by the activation of the innate immune sensing system. ADARs-mediated editing can also occur in mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in different species. In mRNAs, A-to-I editing may lead to missense mutations and the selective splicing of coding regions. Meanwhile, in ncRNAs, A-to-I editing may affect targeting and disrupt ncRNAs maturation, leading to anomalous cell proliferation, invasion, and responses to immunotherapy. This review highlights the biological functions of A-to-I editing, its role in regulating innate immunity and cell death, and its potential molecular significance in tumorigenesis and cancer targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

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