Biochemical and phenological characterization of diverse wheats and their association with drought tolerance genes

BMC Plant Biology

Research

Usama K. Abdel-Hameed¹  Zahid Ullah²  Ahmad Ali²  Saeed Anwar²  Hassan Sher²  Iftikhar Ali³  Dalal Nasser Binjawhar⁴  Muhammad Aamir Khan⁵  Khawar Majeed⁵  Mariusz Jaremko⁶ 

[1] Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, 42353, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia;Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt;Center for Plant Science and Biodiversity, University of Swat, 19120, Charbagh Swat, Pakistan;Center for Plant Science and Biodiversity, University of Swat, 19120, Charbagh Swat, Pakistan;Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 10032, New York, NY, USA;School of Life Sciences & Center of Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong;Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan;Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 329555-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia;

关键词: Wheat;    Drought;    Phenological;    Biochemical;    Functional Marker;    KASP;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12870-023-04278-9

 received in 2022-10-11, accepted in 2023-05-11,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Drought is one of the most important wheat production limiting factor, and can lead to severe yield losses. This study was designed to examine the effect of drought stress on wheat physiology and morphology under three different field capacities (FC) viz. 80% (control), 50% (moderate) and 30% (severe drought stress) in a diverse collection of wheat germplasm including cultivars, landraces, synthetic hexaploid and their derivatives. Traits like grain weight, thousand grain weight and biomass were reduced by 38.23%, 18.91% and 26.47% respectively at 30% FC, whereas the reduction rate for these traits at 50% FC were 19.57%, 8.88% and 18.68%. In principal component analysis (PCA), the first two components PC1 and PC2 accounted for 58.63% of the total variation and separated the cultivars and landraces from synthetic-based germplasm. Landraces showed wide range of phenotypic variations at 30% FC compared to synthetic-based germplasm and improved cultivars. However, least reduction in grain weight was observed in improved cultivars which indicated the progress in developing drought resilient cultivars. Allelic variations of the drought-related genes including TaSnRK2.9-5A, TaLTPs-11, TaLTPs-12, TaSAP-7B-, TaPPH-13, Dreb-B1 and 1fehw3 were significantly associated with the phenological traits under drought stress in all 91 wheats including 40 landraces, 9 varieties, 34 synthetic hexaploids and 8 synthetic derivatives. The favorable haplotypes of 1fehw3, Dreb-B1, TaLTPs-11 and TaLTPs-12 increased grain weight, and biomass. Our results iterated the fact that landraces could be promising source to deploy drought adaptability in wheat breeding. The study further identified drought tolerant wheat genetic resources across various backgrounds and identified favourable haplotypes of water-saving genes which should be considered to develop drought tolerant varieties.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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