Differences in sleep patterns between patients with anorexia nervosa and healthy controls: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Eating Disorders

Research

Guro Årdal Rekkedal¹  Hanna Flækøy Skjåkødegård²  Ute Kessler³  Yngvild Sørebø Danielsen⁴  Malin Mandelid Kleppe⁵ 

[1] Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;Child and Family support, Municipality of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;Department of Physiotherapy, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;

关键词: Anorexia nervosa;    Actiwatch 2;    Sleep;    Intraindividual variability;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40337-023-00799-8

 received in 2023-04-25, accepted in 2023-04-26,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundSleep difficulties are common in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), but objective assessments have mostly been performed in hospital and laboratory settings. We aimed to identify differences in sleep patterns between patients with AN and healthy controls (HC) in their free-living environments, and potential associations between sleep patterns and clinical symptoms in patients with AN.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed 20 patients with AN prior to them starting outpatient treatment and 23 HC. Sleep patterns were measured objectively using an accelerometer (Philips Actiwatch 2) for 7 consecutive days. Average sleep onset, sleep offset, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset (WASO) and mid-sleep awakenings lasting ≥ 5 min were compared between patients with AN and HC using nonparametric statistical analyses. Associations of sleep patterns with body mass index, eating-disorder symptoms, eating-disorder-associated impairment, and symptoms of depression were assessed in the patient group.ResultsCompared with HC, patients with AN had shorter WASO [median (interquartile range(IQR)): 33 vs. 42 min], but a longer average duration of mid-sleep awakenings lasting ≥ 5 min [median (IQR): 9 vs. 6 min, p = 0.006] and had more nights with no sleep (six nights in four patients with AN vs. zero nights in HC). There were no differences between patients with AN and HC regarding other sleep parameters and no significant correlations between sleep patterns and clinical parameters in patients with AN. However, HC presented a Intraindividual variability pattern that was closer to a normal distribution, whereas patients with AN tended to either have very regular or large variability in sleep onset time (AN; n = 7 < 25th percentile and n = 8 > 75th percentile vs. HC; n = 4 < 25 percentile and n = 3 > 75th percentile) during the week of sleep recordings.ConclusionPatients with AN seem to spend more time awake during the night and have more nights without sleep than do HC, even though their average weekly sleep duration did not differ from that in HC. The intraindividual variability in sleep pattern seems to be an important parameter that should be assessed when studying sleep in patients with AN.Trial registration ClinicalTroals.gov. Identifier: NCT02745067. Registered: April 20, 2016.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023