Determinants of pneumonia among under-five children in Oromia region, Ethiopia: unmatched case-control study

Archives of Public Health

Research

Yitagesu Habtu¹  Aman Yesuf²  Olana Yadate²  Fufa Hunduma² 

[1] Department of Public Health, Hossana College of Health Sciences, Hossana City Administrative, Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia;School of Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa City Administrative, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;School of Public Health, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa City Administrative, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;

关键词: Pneumonia;    Acute respiratory infection;    Unmatched case-control study;    Children under five;    Determinants of pneumonia;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13690-023-01103-5

 received in 2022-08-23, accepted in 2023-04-29,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPneumonia is the single largest infectious disease that causes more under-five morbidity and mortality than any other infectious disease in the world, including Ethiopia. The aim of this study is to assess determinants of pneumonia among under-five children in the South West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2021.MethodsWe used an unmatched case-control study design from March 15 to April 30, 2021, in the South West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. A sample of 398 (199 cases and 199 controls) participated in the study. Trained data collectors through a pre-tested structured questionnaire collected data. We used Epi Info to enter data and analyzed using SPSS version 23. We described our data using descriptive statistics. We identified predictors of pneumonia using logistic regression analysis. We declared predictors of pneumonia at a P-value of 0.05 or less.ResultsBreastfeeding for less than 6 months [AOR:3.51, 95%CI:(1.12,11.00)], lack of Vitamin A supplementation [AOR:3.56,95%CI:(1.58, 8.05)], history of URTI [AOR:9.66, 95%CI:(4.69,19.87)], family child care practices [AOR:6.46, 95%CI, (2.83,14.76)], sleeping with three to five persons in a room [AOR:2.90, 9%CI: (1.23,6.84)], having above five persons in a room [AOR: 3.88, 95%CI: 1.02,14.77), use of wood as a source of fuel [AOR = 3.02 95% CI: 1.41,6.46)] and not opening windows [AOR:2.56 95%CI: (1.21,5.41)] were independent factors of pneumonia among under five children.ConclusionPneumonia is associated with breastfeeding for less than 6 months, lack of vitamin A supplementation, history of URTI, types of childcare practice, indoor overcrowding, use of wood as a source of fuel, and not opening windows. Therefore, exclusive breastfeeding, improving vitamin A supplementation, early control of respiratory tract infection through promoting good hygiene and ventilation strategies in crowded homes, and promoting how to reduce indoor air pollution through affordable clean stoves will be relevant interventions to reduce under-five pneumonia.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023