Extracorporeal shock wave promotes activation of anterior cruciate ligament remnant cells and their paracrine regulation of bone marrow stromal cells’ proliferation, migration, collagen synthesis, and differentiation

Bone & Joint Research

article

Cheng-Chang Lu¹  Shih-Hsiang Chou²  Po-Chih Shen²  Pei-Hsi Chou³  Mei-Ling Ho⁴  Yin-Chun Tien³ 

[1] Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University;Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University;Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University

关键词: Anterior cruciate ligament;    Extracorporeal shock wave;    ACL reconstruction;    Graft maturation;   

DOI  :  10.1302/2046-3758.98.BJR-2019-0365.R1

学科分类：骨科学

来源: British Editorial Society Of Bone And Joint Surgery

【 摘 要 】

AimsProliferation, migration, and differentiation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remnant and surrounding cells are fundamental processes for ACL reconstruction; however, the interaction between ACL remnant and surrounding cells is unclear. We hypothesized that ACL remnant cells preserve the capability to regulate the surrounding cells’ activity, collagen gene expression, and tenogenic differentiation. Moreover, extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) would not only promote activity of ACL remnant cells, but also enhance their paracrine regulation of surrounding cells.MethodsCell viability, proliferation, migration, and expression levels of Collagen-I (COL-I) A1, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were compared between ACL remnant cells untreated and treated with ESW (0.15 mJ/mm2, 1,000 impulses, 4 Hz). To evaluate the subsequent effects on the surrounding cells, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)’ viability, proliferation, migration, and levels of Type I Collagen, Type III Collagen, and tenogenic gene (Scx, TNC) expression were investigated using coculture system.ResultsESW-treated ACL remnant cells presented higher cell viability, proliferation, migration, and increased expression of COL-I A1, TGF-β, and VEGF. BMSC proliferation and migration rate significantly increased after coculture with ACL remnant cells with and without ESW stimulation compared to the BMSCs alone group. Furthermore, ESW significantly enhanced ACL remnant cells’ capability to upregulate the collagen gene expression and tenogenic differentiation of BMSCs, without affecting cell viability, TGF-β, and VEGF expression.ConclusionACL remnant cells modulated activity and differentiation of surrounding cells. The results indicated that ESW enhanced ACL remnant cells viability, proliferation, migration, and expression of collagen, TGF-β, VEGF, and paracrine regulation of BMSC proliferation, migration, collagen expression, and tenogenesis.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC