Successful population establishment from small introductions appears to be less common than believed

PeerJ

article

Alyssa Corbett King¹  J. Michael Reed¹ 

[1] Department of Biology, Tufts University;The School for Field Studies

关键词: Population viability;    Translocation;    Small population paradigm;    Propagule pressure;    Invasive species;    Allee effect;    Introduction success;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.2440

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

Although small populations are at high risk of extinction, there are regular reports in the scientific literature of purported small, isolated, persistent populations. One source of evidence of the viability of small populations comes from the alleged successful introduction of species to areas outside their original range from introductions of few individuals. We reviewed the examples from introduction compendia on deliberate translocations of birds, and the original sources, to identify and evaluate purported examples of successful establishments from small introductions. We found 23 purportedly successful introductions from few (<30) individuals. After assessing original sources, we found that two of the claims were substantiated; the rest were ambiguous or could be rejected as examples, primarily due to a lack of evidence in original sources of the number of birds released and because of supplemental individuals from other releases, releases in nearby regions, and the possibility of natural invasion. Our results suggest that reports of successful establishment of birds from introductions of few individuals have been overstated. These results strengthen the relationship previously reported between propagule pressure and likelihood of establishment, and support the lack of viability of small populations presumed by population theory. We suggest that analyses of introduction failure and success would benefit from excluding studies where introduction effort is unknown or unreliably documented.

【 授权许可】

CC BY