Nano-sized zeolites as modulators of thiacloprid toxicity on Chironomus riparius

PeerJ

article

Carla S. Lorenz¹  Anna-Jorina Wicht²  Leyla Guluzada³  Barbara Crone⁴  Uwe Karst⁴  Hwa Jun Lee⁵  Rita Triebskorn¹  Stefan B. Haderlein³  Carolin Huhn²  Heinz-R. Köhler¹ 

[1] Institute of Evolution and Ecology, Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen;Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen;Center for Applied Geosciences, Environmental Mineralogy and Chemistry, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen;Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster;Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology;Steinbeis Transfer-Center for Ecotoxicology and Ecophysiology

关键词: Pesticides;    Colloids;    Adsorption;    Zeolites;    Nanoparticles;    Toxicity;    Chironomidae;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.3525

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

This study investigated whether zeolites of different size (Y30 (nano-sized) and H-Beta(OH)-III (forming large aggregates/agglomerates composed of 50 nm small primary particles)) exerted acute toxicity on larvae of the non-biting midge, Chironomus riparius, and whether such zeolites are able to modulate the toxicity of a common insecticide, thiacloprid, by means of adsorption of a dissolved toxicant. We conducted acute toxicity tests with fourth instar larvae of C. riparius. In these tests, larvae were exposed to zeolites or thiacloprid solely, or to mixtures of both compounds. The mixtures comprised 1.0 µg/L thiacloprid in addition to low (5.2 mg/L), medium (18.2 mg/L), and high (391.7 mg/L) zeolite concentrations, resulting in different adsorption rates of thiacloprid. As biological endpoints, changes in mortality rates and in behavior were monitored every 24 h over a total investigation period of 96 h. Furthermore, we conducted chemical analyses of thiacloprid in the medium and the larvae and located the zeolite particles within the larvae by LA-ICP-MS imaging techniques. Our results demonstrate that both types of zeolites did not exert acute toxicity when applied as single-substances, but led to reduced acute toxicity of thiacloprid when applied together with thiacloprid. These results are in line with the sorption properties of zeolites indicating reduced bioavailability of thiacloprid, although our data indicate that thiacloprid can desorb from zeolites to some extent. While freely dissolved (i.e., non-sorbed) fraction of thiacloprid was a good parameter to roughly estimate toxic effects, it did not correlate with measured internal thiacloprid concentrations. Moreover, it was shown that both zeolite types were ingested by the larvae, but no indication for cellular uptake of them was found.

【 授权许可】

CC BY