The efficacy of Virkon-S for the control of saprolegniasis in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L

PeerJ

article

Haitham Saeed Rahman¹  Tae-Jin Choi² 

[1] KOICA-PKNU International Graduate Program of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University;Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University

关键词: Saprolegniasis;    Saprolegnia parasitica;    Virkon-S;    Artificial infection;    Recovery;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.5706

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundSaprolegnia parasitica is a fish pathogen that causes severe economic losses worldwide. Virkon-S is a well-known disinfectant known to exhibit antimicrobial activities against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In this study, we tested the anti-fungal activity of Virkon-S against S. parasitica, the major causal agent of saprolegniasis.MethodsThe lowest concentration of Virkon-S that prevented germination or the visible growth of spores and the percent spore germination were determined using potato dextrose agar plates containing different concentrations of Virkon-S. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated using the Ez-Cytox Cell Viability Assay with epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells grown in L-15 medium and acute toxicity tests were carried out with cultured fingerlings of common carp for 96 h. Artificial infection with S. parasitica was performed by placing the fish in tanks containing zoospores of S. parasitica after descaling and wounding at three positions. The diseased fish were kept in tanks containing 2, 4, and 10 ppm of Virkon-S for 10 days to observe the treatment effect.ResultsThe in vitro assay results showed that Virkon-S could inhibit spore germination and the resulting mycelial growth at a concentration as low as 4 ppm. No cytotoxic effect on EPC cells was observed even at a concentration as high as 100 ppm. Additionally, no acute toxicity in the common carp was observed at 10 ppm following 96 h exposure. Ten days of treatment with 4 and 10 ppm Virkon-S resulted in complete reversal of artificially-induced saprolegniasis in the common carp.DiscussionThis data indicates that Virkon-S can be used for the control of saprolegniasis without harmful effects in fish. However, further research on the effect in humans and food supplies is necessary.

【 授权许可】

CC BY