Ecological restoration stimulates environmental outcomes but exacerbates water shortage in the Loess Plateau

PeerJ

article

Mbezele Junior Yannick Ngaba¹  Yves Uwiragiye¹  Hongzhi Miao¹  Zhiqin Li¹  Paulo Pereira⁴  Jianbin Zhou¹ 

[1] College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University;Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China;Crop production, University of Technology and Arts of Byumba;Environmental Management Laboratory, Mykolas Romeris University

关键词: Ecological restoration;    Environmental outcomes;    Loess plateau;    Grain for green project;    Meta-analysis;    Water shortage;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.13658

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

Restoration is the natural and intervention-assisted set of processes designed to promote and facilitate the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged, or destroyed. However, it can also have an adverse effect on the environment. Thus, assessing an ecological restoration project’s impact is crucial to determining its success and optimum management strategies. We performed a meta-analysis concerning the environmental outcomes during the years 2000–2015 resulting from the “Grain for Green” Project (GFGP) implementation in the Loess Plateau (LP). Data were gathered from 40 peer-reviewed English-language articles chosen from a pool of 332 articles. The results showed that, on average, GFGP increased forest coverage by 35.7% (95% CI [24.15–47.52%]), and grassland by 1.05% (95% CI [0.8–1.28%]). At the same time, GFGP has a positive impact on soil carbon (C) sequestration, net ecosystem production (NEP), and net primary production (NPP), from the years 2000 to 2015 by an average of 36% (95% CI [28.96–43.18%]), 22.7% (95% CI [9.10–36.79%]), and 13.5% (95% CI [9.44–17.354%]), respectively. Soil erosion, sediment load, runoff coefficient, and water yield were reduced by 13.3% (95% CI [0.27–25.76%]), 21.5% (95% CI [1.50–39.99%]), 22.4% (95% CI [5.28–40.45%]) and 43.3% (95% CI [27.03–82.86%]), respectively, from the years 2000 to 2015. Our results indicate that water supply decreased with the increase of vegetation coverage. Therefore, to balance the needs for green space, GFGP policies and strategies should recover, enhance, and sustain more resilient ecosystems.

【 授权许可】

CC BY